ArticleArquivos brasileiros de cardiologia2025
Cardiopulmonary Resilience in Highly Active Individuals: Pre-Post COVID-19 Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing Analysis.
Article in Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Analysis of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test in Pre- and Post-COVID-19.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2025Article
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11 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has affected millions globally, with persistent impacts extending beyond the acute phase. One such effect is post-COVID (long COVID), characterized by symptoms such as fatigue and exercise intolerance lasting more than 60 days. Although regular exercise is associated with reduced risk of severe outcomes, reports of decreased athletic performance after COVID-19 - even among highly active individuals (HAIs) - have raised concerns regarding the long-term effects on physical health. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is a valuable tool to assess exercise intolerance and to investigate the metabolic and ventilatory consequences of COVID-19.
objectivesTo evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on cardiopulmonary function in HAIs by analyzing metabolic and ventilatory responses using CPET before and after infection.
methodsCPET data were retrospectively analyzed from HAIs of both sexes. Primary outcomes included changes in peak oxygen uptake ( V ⋅ O2peak) and ventilatory efficiency ( V ⋅ E/ V ⋅ CO2 slope). Statistical significance was set at 5% (p < 0.05).
resultsA total of 43 HAIs (72.1% male; 44 ± 10 years) were included. The median interval between CPETs was 479 days, with testing performed a mean of 44 ± 27 days after COVID-19. V ⋅ O2peak decreased by a mean of 1.5 mL/kg/min (p = 0.017), representing a 3.84% reduction in predicted V ⋅ O2peak values (p = 0.045). V ⋅ E/ V ⋅ CO2 slope increased by 1.2 (p = 0.017).
conclusionAlthough HAIs are not immune to the effects of COVID-19, their high baseline physical activity levels appear to confer substantial cardiopulmonary resilience. Only minimal post-infection alterations were observed, which suggests that maintaining fitness may provide protective benefits against long-term sequelae of COVID-19.
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