Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41257903›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Long-term monitoring of Ziphius cavirostris behavior using 3D tracking from fixed hydrophone arrays off Southern California.

Lauren M Baggett, Eric R Snyder, Alba Solsona-Berga, Isabelle J Curran, Sean M Wiggins, John A Hildebrand, Ana Širović, Kaitlin E Frasier, Simone Baumann-Pickering

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In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Lauren M BaggettScripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. lbaggett@ucsd.edu.
Eric R SnyderScripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
Alba Solsona-BergaScripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
Isabelle J CurranScripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
Sean M WigginsScripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
John A HildebrandScripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
Ana ŠirovićDepartment of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Kaitlin E FrasierScripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
Simone Baumann-PickeringScripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.

Funding

Office of Naval Research N000142112611, N000142014000, N000142312435
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Goose-beaked whales (Ziphius cavirostris) are a deep-diving toothed whale species and top predators in deep sea ecosystems. Much is yet to be learned about their social and foraging strategies due to their elusive behavior, but this information is increasingly relevant given their demonstrated behavioral changes in association with anthropogenic sound. This study used direction-of-arrival (DOA) localization to track the position of goose-beaked whales from echolocation clicks recorded on seafloor-mounted hydrophone arrays offshore Southern California. Overall, 2738 tracks of diving goose-beaked whales were processed from acoustic recordings collected at four long-term monitoring sites between 2018 and 2023. Results highlight distinct spatial use patterns driven by bathymetric features at each site, with whales foraging closer to the seafloor at sites with complex bathymetry and showing a preference for certain bathymetric features. Group sizes at depth ranged from 1 to 9 individuals with a mean of 2.34 and exhibited site-specific seasonal variability as well as a strong diel trend at one site. During many of these encounters, individuals exhibited highly coordinated behaviors. This study demonstrates the value of long-term passive acoustic tracking for studying elusive, deep-diving species and provides significant advancements in understanding goose-beaked whale behavior at depth over long time scales.

Indexed as

Behavior, AnimalEcholocationWhalesAcousticsAnimalsCaliforniaEcosystemVocalization, AnimalBioacousticsCuvier’s beaked whaleDivingForagingLocalizationZiphius cavirostris

Identifiers

PMID41257903
PMCPMC12630762

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.