Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41257773›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2025

Understanding the effects of volunteering on well-being: subjective, psychological, and social well-being, gratitude, and loneliness.

Emad Shdaifat, Areej Alotaibi, Amira Alshowkan, Anwar AlKhunaizi, Firas Abu-Sneineh

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Emad ShdaifatCommunity Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Areej AlotaibiFundamental of Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Amira AlshowkanCommunity Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. aaalshowkan@iau.edu.sa.
Anwar AlKhunaiziMaternal and Child Health Nursing Department, College of Nursing, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia.
Firas Abu-SneinehFundamental of Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundVolunteering has long been recognized as a meaningful social activity that may contribute to personal and community well-being. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of volunteering on subjective, psychological, and social well-being, along with gratitude and loneliness, through an examination of their interrelationships and key influencing factors.

methodThis cross-sectional study was conducted in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia, incorporating both urban and rural populations. A total of 523 participants aged 18 and older recruited using convent convenience sampling methods from public spaces, healthcare facilities, and community centers. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22, employing descriptive statistics, correlation analyses, and regression analysis to identify predictors of volunteering. A p-value of less than 0.05 was deemed statistically significant.

resultsVolunteering was observed to be more prevalent among older adults, males, retirees, and individuals with lower levels of education. Regression analyses revealed that volunteering significantly predicted psychological well-being (β = 0.176, p < .001, adj. R² = 0.093) and social well-being (β = 0.106, p = .033, adj. R² = 0.050), with a marginal association noted with gratitude (β = 0.085, p = .077, adj. R² = 0.100). Conversely, no significant relationship was found between volunteering and subjective well-being (β = 0.048, p = .337, adj. R² = 0.042) or loneliness (β = 0.023, p = .635, adj. R² = 0.050). Furthermore, demographic predictors, including age, gender, marital status, education, employment status, and smoking habits, were identified as influencing these outcomes.

conclusionVolunteering has been associated with enhanced psychological and social well-being, exhibiting a marginal effect on gratitude; however, it demonstrated no significant impact on subjective well-being or loneliness. Additionally, demographic factors played a role in influencing well-being, underscoring the potential of volunteering as a viable strategy for promoting mental and social health.

Indexed as

LonelinessPersonal SatisfactionVolunteersAdolescentAdultAgedCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSaudi ArabiaSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung AdultEmotionsGratitudeLonelinessSaudi arabiaVolunteeringWell-Being

Identifiers

PMID41257773
PMCPMC12628559

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.