ReviewJournal of neuroinflammation2025
Imaging brain inflammation and blood brain barrier permeability in neurological and psychiatric diseases: a review.
Review in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The role and mechanisms of AMPK in neurovascular unit injury in Parkinson's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Head-to-head comparison of ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI and ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in intracranial space-occupying lesions.Annals of nuclear medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Neurovascular Unit Dysfunction and Neural Barrier Pathology in Dysautonomia: Molecular Links to Cardiovascular Autonomic Failure.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Inflammatory Signatures of Tinnitus in Patients and Mice.Neuroscience bulletin · 2026Article
- Advancing Brain and Body Vascular Imaging in Bipolar Disorder: A Report From the International Society for Bipolar Disorders Vascular Task Force.Bipolar disorders · 2026Review
- New Advances in Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Psychiatric symptoms as clinical warning signals of adult anti-LGI-1 encephalitis: an observational cohort study.BMC psychiatry · 2026Observational
- Lifting the Veil on Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's Disease: A Bibliometric Analysis.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Inflammaging and neurovascular unit dysfunction in cognitive ageing: mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Review
- Metabolic reprogramming orchestrates microglial fate in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury: a spatiotemporal immunometabolic perspective.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Nanomedicine for Depression: From Blood-Brain Barrier Delivery to Neuroimmune-Barrier-Plasticity Network Reprogramming.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Association between platelet to white blood cell ratio and post-stroke epilepsy in patients with acute ischemic stroke: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in neurologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Neuroinflammation involving glial cell activation and BBB dysfunction has increasingly been recognized as a key feature of neuropsychiatric disorders. In vivo imaging methods, particularly translocator protein positron emission tomography (TSPO-PET) and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI), have advanced our understanding of glial activation and BBB permeability in conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Huntington's disease, schizophrenia, and depression. We present key findings from the clinical application of these imaging modalities and highlight critical methodological challenges-including variability in study protocols, tracer selection, input function derivation, and parameter estimation-that currently limit cross-study comparability and clinical translation. TSPO-PET and DCE-MRI provide valuable clinical insights on the inflammatory mechanisms contributing to CNS disease at various disease stages. Future methodological standardization, co-localization studies, and longitudinal multi-modal applications will be crucial for using these tools as markers of disease in the context of immune interventions in at-risk populations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.