Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41257316›Full record

ArticleBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2026

Clinical pharmacology consultations and their implementation in clinical decision making.

Mirjam Kauppila, Janne T Backman, Outi Lapatto-Reiniluoto

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Mirjam KauppilaDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Janne T BackmanDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9577-2788
Outi Lapatto-ReiniluotoDepartment of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Funding

Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa, Finland TYH2021304
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsOne of the key roles of clinical pharmacologists is to work as consultants for other medical specialties. We wanted to investigate the characteristics of clinical pharmacology consultations, compare the types of consultations from different specialties, and evaluate how well the recommendations given were followed.

methodsPatient data files were assessed to collect demographic data, to determine the consulting medical specialty, origin of consultation, and to evaluate the characteristics of consultations. In a further analysis, subsequent actions were compared with recommendations provided in the consultation responses.

resultsOf the 269 consultations queries, the majority originated from Helsinki University Hospital (57%). They mostly came from psychiatry (49%), general medicine (19%), and from other specialties (32%). The most frequent topic was adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in psychiatry and general medicine and drug interactions in other specialties. The proportion of ADR topics differed between psychiatry (50%) and other specialties (30%, p = 0.004) and drug interaction topics between other specialties (40%) and psychiatry (20%, p = 0.010). Questions related to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical class N (nervous system) appeared in 68% of cases. Consultation instructions were followed in 86% of cases, with only 3.3% classified as 'Instructions were not followed'. In the remaining consultation cases, it was not possible to evaluate adherence (8.6%) or the circumstances had changed so that the recommendation was not implemented (1.5%).

conclusionsAnalysis of patient data files indicates that clinical pharmacology consultations substantially affect how patients are treated. Furthermore, this service offers valuable clinical and scientific support for clinicians working independently.

Indexed as

Clinical Decision-MakingPharmacology, ClinicalReferral and ConsultationAdultAgedDrug InteractionsDrug-Related Side Effects and Adverse ReactionsFemaleFinlandHumansMaleMiddle AgedPsychiatryadverse drug reactionsclinical pharmacologyconsultation serviceimpactmedication

Identifiers

PMID41257316
PMCPMC13021303

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.