Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41255751›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical practice and research2025

Passive Exposure to Tobacco Smoke Attitude Scale: A Scale Development Study in High School Students.

Seher Zengin, Makbule Tokur Kesgin

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical practice and research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Seher ZenginDivision of Community and Public Health Nursing, Department of Nursing, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University Faculty of Health Sciences, Bolu, Türkiye.
Makbule Tokur KesginDivision of Community and Public Health Nursing, Department of Nursing, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University Faculty of Health Sciences, Bolu, Türkiye.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: Measuring adolescents' attitudes toward passive exposure to tobacco smoke is crucial due to its negative effects on their health. This methodological study aimed to develop a reliable and valid instrument for assessing high school students' attitudes toward passive exposure to tobacco smoke. Materials and Methods: The research sample consisted of 1,000 students enrolled in seven different high schools. The "Descriptive Information Form" and the "Passive Exposure to Tobacco Smoke Attitude Scale" were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics, content validity index, correlation analysis, Cronbach's alpha, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis were applied. Results: The content validity index of the scale was determined to be 0.94. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure for exploratory factor analysis was calculated as 0.929, and Bartlett's test of sphericity yielded significant results. A three-factor structure was identified, with factor loadings ranging from 0.636 to 0.802, accounting for 58.728% of the total variance. Fit indices were as follows: χ Conclusion: The Passive Exposure to Tobacco Smoke Attitude Scale was determined to be a reliable and valid measurement tool with a 16-item, three-factor structure.

Indexed as

Adolescentattitudepassive exposurereliabilityvalidity

Identifiers

PMID41255751
PMCPMC12478762

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.