ArticleWorld journal of clinical pediatrics2025
Efficacy of prophylactic intermittent zinc supplementation for reducing acute respiratory infections and diarrhoea in infants: A randomized controlled trial.
Article in World journal of clinical pediatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundAcute respiratory infections (ARI) and diarrhoea are among the leading causes of infant and under-five mortality worldwide. Zinc, the second most abundant trace element in the human body, is widely used in the treatment of both conditions. It mitigates diarrhoea by restoring mucosal integrity and enhancing enterocyte brush border enzyme activity. In ARI, zinc boosts immune function, promotes epithelial regeneration, and inhibits the replication of respiratory viruses.
aimTo assess the effectiveness of prophylactic intermittent zinc supplementation in preventing acute diarrhoea and ARI in infants.
methodsThis open-label, randomized controlled trial with a 1:1 allocation ratio was conducted over 15 months (October 2022 to December 2023) at a tertiary care hospital in Eastern India. A total of 320 infants attending the outpatient department for routine vaccinations were enrolled and randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The intervention group received zinc drops for two weeks, with the regimen repeated one month later and again at six months during subsequent vaccination visits. The control group received no placebo or alternative treatment. Outcomes were assessed after the final follow-up at nine months.
resultsThe mean annual incidence of ARI and diarrhoea was significantly lower in the zinc group than in the control group [ARI: 0.25 ± 0.61
conclusionProphylactic intermittent zinc supplementation administered alongside routine immunization substantially reduces the incidence of ARI and diarrhoea in infants and promotes improved growth. This affordable strategy holds promise for reducing infant morbidity and mortality without increasing healthcare burdens.
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