Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41255425›Full record

ArticleDiscover Environment2025

Occurrence of toxic metals in river Rwizi surface water and efficacy of wastewater stabilization ponds (WSPs) in Mbarara City, Uganda.

Grace Birungi, Denis Byamugisha, Robinah Asiimwe, Irene Aheisibwe, Deusdedit Tusubira, Paul E Alele, Muhamad Ntale, James Bolender

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Discover Environment, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Grace BirungiFaculty of Science, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Plot 8-18 Mbarara Kabale Road, Mbarara, Uganda.
Denis ByamugishaFaculty of Science, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Plot 8-18 Mbarara Kabale Road, Mbarara, Uganda.
Robinah AsiimweFaculty of Science, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Plot 8-18 Mbarara Kabale Road, Mbarara, Uganda.
Irene AheisibweFaculty of Science, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Plot 8-18 Mbarara Kabale Road, Mbarara, Uganda.
Deusdedit TusubiraFaculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Plot 8-18 Mbarara Kabale Road, Mbarara, Uganda.
Paul E AleleFaculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Plot 8-18 Mbarara Kabale Road, Mbarara, Uganda.
Muhamad NtaleDepartment of Chemistry, Makerere University College of Natural Sciences, Kampala, Uganda.
James BolenderCollege of Arts and Sciences, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of San Diego, 5998 Alcalá Park, San Diego, CA 92110 USA.

Funding

Exposure to Mixtures of Emerging Contaminants in the Environment - Are Communities in Uganda at Health Risk?- A Case Study of Mbarara City.K43TW012594 · FIC · MBARARA UNIVERSITY/SCIENCE/ TECHNOLOGY · PI Grace Birungi · 2023 to 2026
$412k
FIC NIH HHS K43 TW012594
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Toxic metal concentrations and physical chemical properties of River Rwizi surface water were determined. Aluminium, antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, potassium, lead, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, selenium, silver, thallium, thorium, uranium, vanadium, and zinc, were quantified using Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Physical chemical parameters were measured in-situ using a HANA meter. Heavy metal pollution index (HMPI), Contamination Degree (C Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s44274-025-00446-w.

Indexed as

ICP-OESRiver RwiziToxic metalsWastewater stabilization pond (WSP)

Identifiers

PMID41255425
PMCPMC12620318

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.