Degenerative changes of the mandibular condyle and their relationship with joint space: A CBCT study.

Background: This study aimed to identify degenerative changes in the mandibular condyle and to evaluate joint space conditions in sagittal and coronal sections using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Additionally, it sought to determine the frequency of these changes relative to sex, age, and side of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 88 CBCT scans meeting inclusion criteria. Degenerative changes were assessed, and joint spaces were measured following standardized tomographic protocols. Statistical analysis included chi-square, Student's t-test, and Mann-Whitney U tests, with significance set at Results: The sample consisted of 24 males (27.2%) and 64 females (72.7%), with a mean age of 31.2 ± 14.6 years. Erosion (30.6%) and condylar flattening (29.5%) were the most prevalent degenerative changes. No significant differences were found between right and left sides ( Conclusions: Degenerative changes in the mandibular condyle were common but did not significantly alter joint space dimensions. Erosion and flattening were the predominant findings, and age was associated with specific changes, while sex and side showed no association. CBCT proved effective for detailed assessment of condylar morphology and joint space.