Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41254722›Full record

ArticleInternational breastfeeding journal2025

Human milk donation in Australia: a qualitative study of donors and potential donors.

Claire Newman, Abigail R-A Edwards, Melissa K Hyde, Vanessa Clifford, Laura D Klein, Barbara M Masser

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International breastfeeding journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Claire NewmanAustralian Red Cross Lifeblood, West Melbourne, Australia. cnewman@redcrossblood.org.au.
Abigail R-A EdwardsAustralian Red Cross Lifeblood, West Melbourne, Australia.
Melissa K HydeAustralian Red Cross Lifeblood, West Melbourne, Australia.
Vanessa CliffordAustralian Red Cross Lifeblood, West Melbourne, Australia.
Laura D KleinAustralian Red Cross Lifeblood, West Melbourne, Australia.
Barbara M MasserAustralian Red Cross Lifeblood, West Melbourne, Australia.

Funding

Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care GO6587National Health and Medical Research Council 2024589
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMilk banks in Australia rely on the generosity of voluntary donors, enabling them to provide pasteurised donor human milk to vulnerable infants in hospitals. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences and perceptions of donating to a milk bank amongst breastfeeding women who are milk donors, or potentially eligible to donate milk. Having a deeper understanding of the barriers and facilitators for donating to a milk bank will promote sustainability of these services.

methodsA qualitative descriptive design was used to collect data from 31 participants, either donating, or potentially eligible to donate, to Australian Red Cross Lifeblood’s (Lifeblood) milk bank. Participants were interviewed between May and September 2024 regarding their experiences and perceptions of donation to a milk bank. Interview data were analysed using inductive content analysis.

findingsFive themes were identified: Knowing about milk donation; being motivated to donate; being (in)eligible to donate; donating needs to be easy and convenient; and trusting a regulated organisation. Many participants initially lacked awareness about milk donation and often learned through online searches or informal sources like social media. They were motivated by a desire to help, a sense of social responsibility, and not wanting to waste milk. Eligibility was influenced by health, lifestyle, and milk supply. Sickness at home was a major source of disruption to collection of milk for donation. Convenience, such as home collection and provision of milk storage bags, facilitated milk donation. Trust in Lifeblood as a regulated organisation played a key role, with many valuing its reputation and safeguards for both donors and recipients.

conclusionsBreastfeeding women in Australia may be unaware that they can donate their excess milk to a milk bank. Consideration should be given to increasing awareness of milk donation in Australia amongst both breastfeeding women and healthcare workers caring for women who could become milk donors. Further, to improve the recruitment and retention of milk donors, milk banks should prioritise the ease and accessibility of the service to ensure positive donor experiences.

Indexed as

Milk BanksMilk, HumanTissue DonorsAdultAustraliaBreast FeedingFemaleHumansMotivationQualitative ResearchYoung AdultDonor milkEligibilityHuman milk donationMilk bank

Identifiers

PMID41254722
PMCPMC12625069

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.