SynthesisBMC women's health2025
Risk factors for non-puerperal mastitis: a meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC women's health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Prolactin-Linked Plasma Cell-Macrophage Immune Phenotype in Synchronous Bilateral Plasma Cell Mastitis: A Two-Center Prediction Study with Tissue Correspondence.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNon-puerperal mastitis (NPM) is a complex inflammatory breast disease with no specific etiology. It is characterized by recurrent episodes and a chronic course. Identifying its risk factors can aid in implementing preventive measures to reduce the incidence of NPM. This meta-analysis aims to determine the risk factors for NPM.
methodsRelevant studies concerning NPM were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang databases. Meta-analysis was performed using Revman 5.4 and Stata SE 15.0.
resultsA total of 16 studies with 5402 participants were included, involving 19 risk factors. The following risk factors for NPM were identified: crater nipple, lactation mastitis, breast trauma, breastfeeding time < 6 months, hyperprolactinemia, cardiopathy, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, contraception, smoking, emotional problems, and psychotropic drug use. There was no clear association of NPM with galactostasis, allergic history, alcohol consumption, miscarriage, and divorce or being single.
conclusionsThis study has identified crater nipple, lactation mastitis, breast trauma, breastfeeding duration < 6 months, hyperprolactinemia, cardiopathy, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, contraception, smoking, emotional problems, and psychotropic drug use as risk factors for NPM. For individuals with multiple risk factors, regular breast follow-up is recommended. When breast symptoms occur, early diagnosis and treatment should be implemented based on the associated risk factors to avoid delay in managing the condition.
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