The unmet needs of gay and bisexual men following prostate cancer treatment: an integrative literature review.

purposeEvidence has highlighted the unmet physical and psychological needs of men throughout all stages of prostate cancer (PCa); however, much of the focus has been on heterosexual men. Research shows that gay and bisexual men (GBM) have unique and unaddressed healthcare needs. The aim of this study is to systematically review the literature by exploring the needs of GBM following their treatment for prostate cancer.

methodsAn integrative literature review sought qualitative and quantitative primary research from five databases (British Nursing Database, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Web of Science). A keyword search was employed, and each database was systematically searched. A thematic analysis was undertaken of relevant literature.

resultsThe evidence shows that GBM have unmet information, support, and sexual needs. GBM with PCa frequently reported a lack of tailored information about how treatment affected their sexual health. Many felt isolated as mainstream PCa support groups catered to heterosexual men. Some GBM felt unsupported by healthcare professionals (HCPs) who seemed to overlook their unique needs.

conclusionsGBM with PCa faces distinct challenges regarding sexual health, information access, social support, and interactions with HCPs. A more inclusive approach to healthcare practices, support services, and clinical care for GBM is required. Implications for cancer survivors HCPs should caution GBM about the potential sexual dysfunction post-treatment and avoid making heteronormative assumptions. Tailored information catered to GBM should be delivered, such as signposting to support groups specifically for GBM.