ArticleIntensive care medicine experimental2025
Hepatic and intestinal microcirculation and pulmonary inflammation in a model of veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the rat.
Article in Intensive care medicine experimental, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Hepatic and intestinal microcirculation and pulmonary inflammation in a model of veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the rat.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2026Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundVeno-venous (V-V) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is widely used in critical care but remains associated with high mortality rates (22-68%). In septic shock, increased pulmonary inflammation and impaired intestinal and hepatic microcirculation have been observed during ECMO therapy. To explore the impact of ECMO-induced inflammation, this study used a rat model with varying ECMO blood flows to assess intestinal and hepatic microcirculation and lung inflammation.
methodsThirty male Lewis rats were randomised into three groups: sham, low-flow ECMO (60 mL/kg/min), and high-flow ECMO (90 mL/kg/min). V-V ECMO was established via femoral drainage and jugular return. Microcirculation in the intestine and liver was measured using micro-light guide spectrophotometry after laparotomy. Systemic and pulmonary inflammation were evaluated through cytokine levels in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), focusing on tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukins 6 (IL6) and 10 (IL10), and C-X-C motif chemokine ligands 2 (CXCL2) and 5 (CXCL5). Hemodynamic data were obtained using a left ventricular pressure-volume catheter.
resultsIntestinal oxygenation was significantly impaired only during low-flow ECMO therapy (65% [62-70%]) compared to sham therapy (76% [72-79%], p = 0.003), while hepatic microcirculation was reduced during both low-flow (21% [14-26%]) and high-flow (19% [16-21%]) ECMO therapy compared to sham therapy (43% [38-48%], all p < 0.001). Serum TNF-α levels were only significantly elevated during high-flow ECMO therapy (1 h: 14 [12-22] pg/mL; 2 h: 18 [15-38] pg/mL) compared to the sham procedure (1 h: 10 [9-11] pg/mL; 2 h: 10 [9-11] pg/mL; p = 0.033). In contrast, BAL IL6 levels were significantly lower during both high- and low-flow ECMO therapy (32 pg/mL) than sham therapy (81 pg/mL, p ≤ 0.001). IL10, CXCL2, and CXCL5 levels did not differ significantly between the low- and high-flow ECMO and sham therapies.
conclusionsECMO-induced inflammation is blood flow dependent. In healthy rats, high-flow ECMO did not impair intestinal microcirculation and was associated with reduced pulmonary inflammation, likely due to lung-protective ventilation.
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