Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41254270›Full record

ArticleJournal of neurology2025

The language of gait: interpreting emotional states through gait videos.

Martina Putzolu, Elisabetta Sarasso, Elisa Canu, Andrea Gardoni, Elisa Ravizzotti, Susanna Mezzarobba, Silvia Basaia, Laura Avanzino, Massimo Filippi, Federica Agosta and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Walking as a Window to the Brain: Redefining Gait in Neurology.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Martina Putzolu *Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Elisabetta Sarasso *Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
Elisa CanuNeuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
Andrea GardoniNeuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
Elisa RavizzottiDepartment of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Susanna MezzarobbaDepartment of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Silvia BasaiaNeuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
Laura AvanzinoDepartment of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Massimo FilippiNeuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
Federica AgostaNeuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy. agosta.federica@hsr.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3121-4979
Elisa PelosinDepartment of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.

Funding

European Commission MNESYS (PE0000006)Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca MNESYS (PE0000006)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionGait integrates sensorimotor and affective processes, serving both locomotor function and emotional expression. This embodiment framework has clinical relevance in neurodegenerative disorders and suggests potential for emotion-based modulation of gait.

objectivesThis study developed and tested a range of emotion-specific gait videos to assess whether healthy individuals could correctly recognize different emotions, in order to identify standardized stimuli for future research on emotion recognition and embodied simulation in neurological patients.

methodsWe created a video questionnaire featuring an actress walking with gait patterns meant to convey eight emotions: happiness, surprise, fear, anxiety, disgust, sadness, anger, and neutral. Her facial expressions were either visible or blurred to focus attention on body movements. Participants selected the recognized emotion from a list and rated its valence and intensity. Recognition accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, valence, and intensity scores were used to identify the most effective video for each emotion.

results110 healthy subjects (aged 25-40 years) participated in the questionnaire. Most emotions-neutral, happiness, sadness, fear, and anger-were recognized with high accuracy (> 90%), specificity and sensitivity in blurred-face videos. Disgust and surprise were harder to identify, and anxiety was often confused with fear. Valence and intensity ratings aligned with the intended emotions for both blurred and visible faces, although they were generally higher for visible facial expressions.

conclusionThis study validates emotional gait videos as reliable stimuli for emotion recognition in healthy adults, laying the groundwork for their use in research on emotional embodiment in neurological disorders. These stimuli offer a tool for exploring emotion-gait interactions and developing emotion-based neurorehabilitation strategies.

Indexed as

EmotionsFacial ExpressionGaitLanguageAdultFemaleHumansMaleSurveys and QuestionnairesVideo RecordingEmbodimentEmotionGait

Identifiers

PMID41254270
PMCPMC12627203

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.