ReviewNature reviews. Immunology2026
Guidelines for T cell nomenclature.
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Review in Nature reviews. Immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers.
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62citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
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Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effect of blueberry consumption on regulatory lymphocyte phenotypes and NK cell functional activity in middle-aged and older adults with overweight or obesity: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Trial
- Moving for optimal immunity: the effect of acute high-intensity interval training on phenotype, virus specificity and chemokine receptor expression in human CD8+ T cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Trial
- Characterization of persistent HPV-specific activated T cells in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Oncoimmunology · 2026Article
- Tumor-educated macrophages promote cytokine-driven lung colonization in triple-negative breast cancer.Oncoimmunology · 2026Article
- Interferon regulatory factors orchestrate CD8International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- T cell immunomonitoring: a comparative analysis of traditional and novel methods to quantify and characterize human antigen-specific T cells.Nature protocols · 2026Review
- Entering the Age of Specificity in T Cell Immunity.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Conserved Metastatic Cell States and Spatial Immune Microenvironment Remodeling Define Pancreatic Cancer Liver Metastases.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals clonally expanded CD4+ tissue-resident memory T cells in histidyl-tRNA synthetase-induced myositis.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Beyond B cell helpers: diverse roles of peripheral helper T cells.International immunology · 2026Review
- The live attenuatedResearch square · 2026Article
- An Outer Membrane Vesicle-Based Vaccine Combined with alb-Flt3L Promotes Durable Antitumor Immunity in HPV-Associated Cancer.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Paradoxical Th1 activation and CTLA-4 regulation is beneficial during latent cryptococcosis.mBio · 2026Article
- An inherent T cell-activating mRNA delivery carrier for in vivo CAR T generation.Nature materials · 2026Article
- Circulating B cell and T cell activation states predict clinical outcomes in melanoma and reveal dynamic immune reinvigoration with checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- The ageing immune system and its battle with viruses.The Journal of general virology · 2026Review
- The Role of the T Cell Receptor Sequence in Shaping T Cell Functional Fate.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- What's your name, immune cell?Nature methods · 2026Article
- The Osteoimmunologic Basis of Biologic and Bioengineered Therapies in Osteoarthritis.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Immunogenicity of a Candidate Hepatitis C Vaccine Based on Non-Structural DNA-Protein Sequences and a Novel Complex Adjuvant.Vaccines · 2026Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
60 authors.
David MasopustDepartment of Microbiology & Immunology, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA. masopust@umn.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9440-3884
Amit AwasthiCenter for Immunobiology and Immunotherapy, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2563-1971
Rémy BosselutLaboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
David G BrooksPrincess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Marcus BuggertCenter for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0633-1719
Kenji ChamotoDepartment of Immuno-Oncology PDT, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
Weiguo CuiDepartment of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
Chen DongWestlake University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0084-9130
Donna L FarberDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8236-9183
Thomas GebhardtDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3768-9468
Carmen GerlachDivision of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7889-2393
Ananda GoldrathAllen Institute for Immunology, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5900-508X
Philip D GreenbergDepartment of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3812-647X
J Scott HaleDivision of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Adrian HaydayFrancis Crick Institute, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9495-5793
Dirk HomannDiabetes, Obesity & Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7622-5754
Matteo IannaconeVita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9370-2671
Stephen C JamesonDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9137-1146
Marc K JenkinsDepartment of Microbiology & Immunology, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Nikhil S JoshiDepartment of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Susan M KaechNOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Axel KalliesDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6312-6968
Alice O KamphorstMarc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9230-9501
Mark H KaplanDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2923-8245
Paul KlenermanTranslational Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Experimental Medicine Division, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4307-9161
Marco KünzliRoche Pharma Research and Early Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland.
Antonio LanzavecchiaNational Institute of Molecular Genetics (INGM), Milano, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3041-7240
Georg M LauerLiver Center, Gastrointestinal Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9792-4271
Enrico LugliIRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1964-7678
Andrew D LusterCenter for Immunology & Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9679-7912
Laura K MackayDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
M Juliana McElrathVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2276-7117
Scott N MuellerDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3838-3989
Zaza NdhlovuRagon Institute of Mass General Brigham, MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Thumbi Ndung'uRagon Institute of Mass General Brigham, MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Pamela S OhashiPrincess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2915-9317
Annette OxeniusInstitute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2079-2354
Giuseppe PantaleoDepartment of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Marion PepperDepartment of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7278-0147
Louis J PickerVaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA.
Clare F QuarnstromDepartment of Microbiology & Immunology, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Gustavo Reyes-TeránInstitute for Social Security and Services for the State Workers (ISSSTE), Mexico City, Mexico.
Mario RoedererVaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7448-7040
Pamela C RosatoDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH, USA.
Gonzalo Salgado-Montes de OcaCentro de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Mexico City, Mexico.
Federica SallustoInstitute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3750-2752
Ton N SchumacherDepartment of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0517-8804
Daniella M SchwartzDepartments of Medicine and Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Eui-Cheol ShinLaboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6308-9503
Andrew G SoerensDepartment of Microbiology & Immunology, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Daniela S ThommenDivision of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7431-2854
Vaiva VezysDepartment of Microbiology & Immunology, Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
João P B ViolaProgram of Immunology and Tumor Biology, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0698-3146
Bruce D WalkerRagon Institute of Mass General Brigham, MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6122-9245
Tania H WattsDepartment of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7897-4890
Casey T WeaverThe University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2180-1793
E John WherryDepartment of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics and Institute for Immunology and Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0477-1956
Hai-Hui XueCenter for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack University Medical Center, Nutley, NJ, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9163-7669
Ben YoungbloodDepartment of Immunology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1261-9957
Rafi AhmedDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Funding
The differentiation and function of CD4+ Th2 cells during allergen-induced asthmaR01AI108626 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI PEPPER, MARION · 2014 to 2018
$2.4MNIAID NIH HHS R01 AI108626
Abstract
Advances in T cell biology have revealed heterogeneity among T cell populations that is not captured by existing general nomenclature. This issue has caused an ad hoc broadening of core T cell subset definitions and the invention of new subset designations that have not been uniformly delineated. To address this issue, in this Consensus Statement, we propose guidelines that serve three goals. First, they advocate that primary research reports define the experimental basis by which relevant subsets are designated in the methods section of each study. Second, they provide standardized definitions for existing subset designations in popular use, and common experimental criteria for defining each subset are noted. Last, they present an alternative 'modular nomenclature' paradigm. The newly proposed modular nomenclature eschews conceptualization of antigen-experienced T cells as belonging to a few idealized subsets, and the nomenclature instead simply indicates individual biological properties present in a T cell population with brief descriptors. Collectively, these guidelines intend to enhance transparency in the literature while facilitating clearer communication of findings and concepts to researchers, students and clinicians.
Indexed as
Guidelines as TopicTerminology as TopicT-LymphocytesT-Lymphocyte SubsetsAnimalsHumans
Identifiers
PMID
41254224What OpenQuestion holds
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.