ArticleJournal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI2026
T2-Weighted T1 Mapping and Automated Segmentation of CSF: Assessment of Solute Gradients in the Healthy Brain.
Article in Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- T2-Weighted T1 Mapping and Automated Segmentation of CSF: Assessment of Solute Gradients in the Healthy Brain.Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2026Article
- Relaxivity of Gadobutrol and Gadoteric Acid in Cerebrospinal Fluid at 3T.Magnetic resonance in medicine · 2026Article
- Human brain MRI data of intrathecally injected tracer evolution over 72 hours for data-integrated simulations.Scientific data · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) serves as a medium for nutrient delivery and waste clearance. The T1 relaxation rate, R1, can be used to measure the concentration of intrinsic solutes and extrinsic contrast agents. PURPOSE: To implement a method for R1 mapping and segmentation of CSF and to use this method to explore how R1 of CSF relates to protein content and gadobutrol after intrathecal administration. STUDY TYPE: Prospective cohort study, complemented by phantom analysis. POPULATION: Ten healthy control subjects (mean age 65.5 ± 4.4 years, range 57-72 years; five males and five females) and protein- and gadobutrol-gradient phantom. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE: 3 T Philips Ingenia scanner; 3D T2W mixed inversion recovery spin-echo (T2W-mixed IRSE) sequence and 3D T1W turbo field echo (3D T1W-TFE). ASSESSMENT: R1 maps were calculated by combining IR and SE data. An automated segmentation method derived from FreeSurfer employed SE data for CSF segmentation and T1W-TFE for anatomical reference. CSF was collected by lumbar puncture for protein measurements, and 0.25 mmol gadobutrol was injected intrathecally. Post-contrast assessments were performed at 3, 24, 48, and 72 h. STATISTICAL TESTS: One-way ANOVA, followed by a post hoc Tukey HSD test, and simple and multiple linear regression analysis; significance level of 0.05.
resultsR1 of ventricular CSF 0.216 ± 0.001 s DATA
conclusionIntrinsic R1 of CSF in the subarachnoid space correlated with protein content. Intracranial CSF enrichment after intrathecal administration of gadobutrol showed a large variation among healthy volunteers. EVIDENCE LEVEL: 2. TECHNICAL EFFICACY: 3.
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