ArticleNeuron2026
The orbitofrontal cortex updates beliefs for state inference.
Article in Neuron, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Chemogenetic inhibition of the ventrolateral orbitofrontal cortex disrupts novelty-guided updating of spatial memories and alters hippocampal engram reactivation.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Article
- Prediction, pain, and the power of context: toward a contemporary identity for the chiropractic profession.Chiropractic & manual therapies · 2026Review
- Orbitofrontal noradrenaline supports adaptive learning-rate adjustment in probabilistic reversal learning.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- A corticostriatal circuit updates subjective beliefs about latent task states.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Diurnal rhythms of choice: a novel state-dependent drift diffusion model uncovers time-dependent changes in rat decision making.Research square · 2026Article
- Addressing degeneracy in rodent studies of cognition.Current opinion in neurobiology · 2026Review
- Diurnal rhythms of choice: a novel state-dependent drift diffusion model uncovers time-dependent changes in rat decision making.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Learning to select computations in recurrent neural circuits.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Cocaine disrupts hidden states in the brain.eLife · 2026Article
- Acetylcholine demixes heterogeneous dopamine signals for learning and moving.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
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8 authors.
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Abstract
While the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is implicated in learning and inferring latent states, the precise computation performed by the OFC for state inference is unclear. Here, we show that the rat OFC updates beliefs about states, and this process is decipherable from OFC dynamics in rats performing state inference but not alternative strategies. We trained rats to perform a temporal wagering task with hidden reward states. Well-trained rats used state inference when deciding how long to wait for rewards, and OFC inactivations impaired belief updating about states. Electrophysiology and novel population analysis methods identified latent neural factors reflecting inferred states in rats performing inference, but not other strategies. Neural firing rates and latent population factors showed abrupt changes following trials that were informative of state transitions. These results identify a precise computation performed by OFC and reveal neural signatures of inference.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.