ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2026
Secondary Hypogonadism and Effects of Testosterone Replacement Therapy on Cardiovascular Events.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextThe safety of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) has generated some controversy during recent years. While untreated hypogonadism leads to diminished sexual characteristics, muscle weakness and osteoporosis, the cardiovascular safety of TRT has been vigorously debated. TRT remains the standard of care for those with secondary hypogonadism (SHG) due to structural pituitary disease, but long-term cardiovascular safety in this population remains unclear.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study to investigate occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in male patients with nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas and prolactinomas, with and without SHG. Demographic data, TRT treatment, stroke, myocardial infarction, and mortality data were retrieved from chart review as well as provincial cardiac and stroke registries.
resultsThere were 408 patients followed for a median 8.1 years (interquartile range 3.3-14.1); 150 (36.7%) did not have SHG, whereas 214 (52.5%) had SHG adequately treated with TRT and 44 (10.8%) had SHG that was untreated. Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated no significant difference in MACE between groups. MACE outcomes were not impacted by size of adenoma, presence of other pituitary hormonal deficits, or testosterone levels. There was increased risk of mortality in untreated SHG compared to both TRT-treated SHG and those without SHG.
conclusionTRT does not appear to increase risk of MACE in those with SHG related to pituitary disorders. Untreated SHG appears to convey increased risk of mortality though these patients were older and more comorbid.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.