Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41252182›Full record

SynthesisJournal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA2026

Does it save me money? The economic impact of mobile health interventions on medical expenditure of diabetic patients.

Xinying Liu, Upkar Varshney, Peiwei Li

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Xinying LiuDepartment of Computing Sciences, University of Houston-Clear Lake, Houston, TX 77058, United States.
Upkar VarshneyDepartment of Computer Information Systems, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-8174-3903
Peiwei LiSchool of Computing and Analytics, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY 41099, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis study evaluates the impact of self-management and support of m-health applications on medication adherence (MA) and the corresponding long-term medical expenditures among patients with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), using an analytic framework generalizable to other chronic conditions. MATERIALS AND

methodsA systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials were conducted to estimate the synthesized effect of m-health interventions on MA. These results were integrated into a Markov state-transition model to simulate patient transitions among three adherence levels over a 10-year horizon. Medical expenditure data by adherence level were derived from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS). Monte Carlo simulation was applied to assess uncertainty and estimate individual- and population-level cost outcomes under baseline and intervention scenarios.

resultsThe meta-analysis showed a significant positive effect of m-health on MA (standardized mean difference = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.14-0.28). Patients in the intervention scenario experienced an average cost reduction of $4400 over 10 years. At the population level, a cohort of 10 000 patients using m-health tools would yield projected direct medical cost savings of $44 million. DISCUSSION: This study demonstrates the potential of m-health interventions to improve patient behavior and generate substantial long-term cost savings. By linking behavioral health data to downstream cost outcomes, the study adds to the growing evidence base for informatics-driven population health strategies.

conclusionOur study underscores the importance of integrating digital support tools into chronic disease care and informs policy decisions aimed at integrating health informatics innovations.

Indexed as

Cost SavingsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Health ExpendituresMedication AdherenceMobile ApplicationsSelf-ManagementTelemedicineHumansMarkov ChainsRandomized Controlled Trials as Topichealth economic evaluationhealth information technologymedication adherenceM-health Appstype 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID41252182
PMCPMC12844597

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.