Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41252070›Full record

ReviewOphthalmology and therapy2026

Atropine-Loaded Contact Lens Sustained-Release Systems: A Narrative Review for the New Frontier for Myopia Management.

Yuhang Liu, Xiaohang Chen, Chenhao Zhu, Dong Wang, Aimin Zhang, Longqian Liu

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Ophthalmology and therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Observational
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Yuhang Liu *Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
Xiaohang Chen *Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0165-3607
Chenhao ZhuNational Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
Dong WangNational Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
Aimin ZhangNational Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China. zhangaimin@scu.edu.cn.
Longqian LiuDepartment of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China. b.q15651@hotmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2265-4625

Funding

Chengdu Science and Technology Bureau 2024-YF05-00636-SNDiscipline excellence development 135 project of West China Hospital of Sichuan University 2025HXBH070Sichuan University 2023SCUH0042
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Myopia, particularly high myopia, poses a significant global public health burden. While low-concentration atropine is effective in controlling myopia progression, its conventional eye drop formulation is hampered by low bioavailability, poor patient compliance, and side effects, driving the need for advanced delivery systems. This review explores the contact lens-based drug delivery platform as a promising strategy to overcome these limitations. It synthesizes current evidence on the global myopia prevalence, atropine's pharmacology, and clinical efficacy, with a detailed analysis of the design principles for atropine-eluting lenses-encompassing material selection, drug-loading techniques, release mechanisms, and performance evaluation. The review systematically argues the superiority of this sustained-release system over traditional eye drops and discusses the remaining technical challenges, safety considerations, and future directions. We infer that integrating sustained drug delivery into a vision-correction device represents a transformative frontier in myopia management and has the potential to enhance efficacy, improve adherence, and reshape treatment paradigms.

Indexed as

AtropineDrug-loaded contact lensesMyopia prevention and controlPharmacokineticsSlow-release delivery

Identifiers

PMID41252070
PMCPMC12882915

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.