Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41250958›Full record

ArticleJournal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine2026

Muscle Ultrasound Echo Intensity Detects Insulin Resistance Before Changes in HbA

Steven B Soliman, Jacob E Leuteneker, Olivia K Chugh, Tao Zhang, Becca Tuska, Thomas Rode, Maria J Sanchez, Eric D Buras, Jeffrey F Horowitz

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Steven B SolimanDivision of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4034-584X
Jacob E LeutenekerSubstrate Metabolism Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Olivia K ChughSubstrate Metabolism Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Tao ZhangSubstrate Metabolism Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Becca TuskaSubstrate Metabolism Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Thomas RodeSubstrate Metabolism Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Maria J SanchezPediatric Department, PedCare Medical Group, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Eric D BurasDivision of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Jeffrey F HorowitzSubstrate Metabolism Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3851-777X

Funding

Regional Pilot And Feasibility Study Grants ProgramP30DK020572 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Scott Soleimanpour · 2013 to 2026
$24.3M
Pilot and Feasibility (P and F) ProgramP30DK089503 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Karen Eileen Peterson · 2010 to 2026
$20.3M
Exercise effects on adipose tissue morphology, metabolic function, and metabolic health with weight loss and weight regain in obesityR01DK131724 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Jeffrey F Horowitz · 2022 to 2026
$3.3M
Defining the molecular basis of thrombospondin-1-induced fibro-fatty diaphragm remodeling--a driver of obesity-associated respiratory dysfunctionR01HL174591 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI ERIC D BURAS · 2025 to 2026
$1.0M
Fibro-adipogenic remodeling of the diaphragm in obesity-associated respiratory dysfunctionK08HL147377 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI BURAS, ERIC D · 2019 to 2023
$848k
Early Type 2 Diabetes Detection with AI-Analysis of Skeletal Muscle Ultrasound and Mechanistic EvaluationsR56DK133298 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI SOLIMAN, STEVEN B · 2024 to 2024
$390k
NHLBI NIH HHS K08 HL147377NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL174591NIDDK NIH HHS DK131724NIDDK NIH HHS DK133298NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK020572NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK089503NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK131724NIDDK NIH HHS R56 DK133298
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo quantify the association between skeletal muscle echo intensity (MEI), measured by ultrasound, and clinical markers of insulin resistance and glycemic control, and evaluate MEI's diagnostic accuracy in identifying insulin resistance.

methodsIn this cross-sectional study, 20 adults with obesity (mean body mass index [BMI] 34.4 ± 2.6 kg/m

resultsIncreased MEI was significantly associated with greater insulin resistance (lower Matsuda Index; r = -.47, p = .011), particularly in women (r = -.56, p = .039). MEI z-scores identified insulin resistance with an AUROC of 0.872 (95% CI 0.742-1.000). At the optimal threshold of z = 1.96, sensitivity was 94.4%, specificity 80%, accuracy 89.3%, and Youden's index 0.744. MEI accurately identified insulin resistance despite normal HbA

conclusionsMEI is an accurate, noninvasive biomarker for insulin resistance and may detect muscle alterations before conventional markers emerge. Its independence from BMI and conventional markers supports MEI's use in early risk stratification and identification of individuals at risk for metabolic dysfunction who might otherwise go undetected.

Indexed as

Blood GlucoseGlycated HemoglobinInsulin ResistanceMuscle, SkeletalObesityAdultBody Mass IndexCross-Sectional StudiesFastingFemaleHumansMaleRisk AssessmentSensitivity and SpecificityUltrasonographyBlood GlucoseGlycated Hemoglobinhemoglobin A1c protein, humanbiomarkerglycemic controlinsulin resistanceobesityskeletal muscle echo intensityultrasound

Identifiers

PMID41250958
PMCPMC12658964

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.