ArticleNPJ vaccines2025
Loop structure in poly(A) tail of mRNA vaccine enhances antigen translation efficiency and mRNA stability.
Article in NPJ vaccines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- From nucleotides to intact transcripts through oligonucleotides: Integrated chromatographic strategies for therapeutic mRNA characterization.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Review
- 5' untranslated region (5' UTR) of bovine β-globin in the mRNA constructs translates different types of antigenic proteins.Biotechnology letters · 2026Article
- Comparative analysis of expression, immunogenicity, and safety profiles between linear and circular RNA vaccine platforms.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- Torpor-Induced Regulation of Poly(A) Tail Machinery in 13-Lined Ground Squirrel Brown Adipose Tissue.Journal of developmental biology · 2026Article
- A novel mRNA-based multi-cytokine strategy to reprogram the peritoneal tumor microenvironment in ovarian cancer.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Engineering the poly(A) tail for therapeutic mRNA: from expression control to manufacturing robustness.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- mRNA vaccines transform personalized lung cancer treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
19 authors.
Funding
Abstract
As mRNA technology emerges as a groundbreaking innovation, an increasing number of studies are attempting to increase expression levels by optimizing the structure of mRNA, such as the 5' or 3' untranslated regions (UTR). We designed a novel loop structure in the poly(A) tail of an mRNA platform to improve the stability and duration. Protein expression analyses were conducted using bioluminescence, both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, cellular and humoral responses to different antigens were confirmed using flow cytometry and ELISA of splenocytes and serum isolated from mice immunized with mRNA containing different poly(A) tail structures. The poly(A) tail with a loop structure exhibited higher bioluminescence signals, both in vitro and in vivo, and increased human erythropoietin (hEPO) expression in vivo compared to the other poly(A) tail groups. This indicates that the addition of a loop structure to the poly(A) tail region improves mRNA stability and efficiency. The results of analyzing cellular and humoral immunity by expressing HPV E6 and E7 antigens, and influenza virus HA antigens in mRNA with various poly(A) structures showed no significant difference in T cell immunity and antibody titer. In conclusion, the addition of stable structures, such as a loop to the poly(A) tail, can significantly increase the expression efficiency and stability of mRNA, but the expression difference did not have as much of an impact on the immune response as expected.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.