ArticleEuropean journal of dentistry2026
Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy in Controlling Gingival Inflammation in Orthodontic Patients: A Network Meta-Analysis.
Article in European journal of dentistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
Abstract: The objective of this systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) was to verify the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) compared with other treatments in controlling gingival inflammation in patients undergoing treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances. An electronic search was performed in six databases and gray literature through clinical trials. The outcome of interest was the decrease in gingival inflammation, microbiological culture, and inflammatory cytokines. We conducted a random and fixed effects Bayesian NMA based on the smallest residual effect using mean difference and its credibility intervals (CI) as effect measures for the different outcomes. Six randomized clinical trials (RCTs; 173 patients) were included. It was demonstrated that treatment with PDT (MD, -0.10; 95% CI, -0.14 to -0.05) was more effective in reducing the Gingival Index compared with ultrasound (US). PDT + US treatment was superior or similar compared with US (MD, -0.36; 95% CI, -0.87 to 0.14) for decreasing
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