Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41248418›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2025

Using retinal diagnostics as a biomarker for neurodegenerative diseases: protocol for a systematic review.

Zeynep Sahin-Lodge, Sara Pisani, Paul Nderitu, Ta-Wei Guu, Dag Aarsland, Timothy L Jackson, Dominic Ffytche, Ashwin V Venkataraman

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Zeynep Sahin-LodgeCentre for Healthy Brain Ageing, King's College London Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, London, England, UK zeynep.sahin-lodge@kcl.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1379-7621
Sara PisaniPsychosis Studies, King's College London Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK.
Paul NderituOphthalmology, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Ta-Wei GuuCentre for Healthy Brain Ageing, King's College London Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, London, England, UK.
Dag AarslandCentre for Healthy Brain Ageing, King's College London Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, London, England, UK.
Timothy L JacksonOphthalmology, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7618-1555
Dominic FfytcheCentre for Healthy Brain Ageing, King's College London Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, London, England, UK.
Ashwin V VenkataramanCentre for Healthy Brain Ageing, King's College London Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, London, England, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7977-1948

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionRetinal neurodegeneration has recently been shown to occur in tandem with neurodegenerative disease. In the expectation that disease-modifying treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) will soon become available, it will be important to have clinically useful biomarkers for neurodegenerative disease subtyping to guide early diagnosis, inform on prognosis and stratify subgroups for treatment. Understanding differences in detectable retina changes in individuals with different neurodegenerative disease subtypes is therefore fundamental. The emerging field of oculomics posits that systemic and neurodegenerative disease can be characterised using detectable ocular biomarkers within retinal diagnostics. The aim of this review is to compare the performance of common retinal imaging modalities in neurodegenerative disease detection and subtyping. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This protocol has been reported in accordance with the PRISMA-P ( ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval for this manuscript is not required, as this is a protocol for a systematic review and therefore no data are to be collected. Findings for this systematic review will be disseminated as a peer-reviewed publication and presentations at national and international symposiums including International Lewy Body Dementia Conference, International Congress of Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42023434024.

Indexed as

Neurodegenerative DiseasesRetinaRetinal DiseasesBiomarkersElectroretinographyHumansResearch DesignSystematic Reviews as TopicTomography, Optical CoherenceBiomarkersDementiaMedical retinaNeuro-ophthalmologyOld age psychiatry

Identifiers

PMID41248418
PMCPMC12625947

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.