Observational studyJournal of neuro-oncology2025
GLIMMER: an interim subgroup analysis from an ongoing prospective study evaluating hyperspectral imaging for MGMT promoter methylation in gliomas.
Observational study in Journal of neuro-oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Neuronavigation-guided precise resection versus conventional glioma surgery: a meta-analysis of clinical outcomes.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Pooled it
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMGMT promoter methylation is of importance in glioma regarding prognosis and management. Non-methylated MGMT glioblastoma patients seem to benefit more from gross total resection. MGMT status is not ultra-rapidly available in the operating room. The presents study is the first aiming to evaluate whether the novel imaging technique intraoperative hyperspectral imaging (HSI) can predict MGMT promoter methylation status in glioma patients using a novel optical scoring system.
methodsThis was a prospective subgroup analysis of 25 glioma patients enrolled in a single-center observational study. Patients underwent in-vivo HSI (spectral range: 500-1000 nm) targeting non-contrast-enhancing tumor regions during resection. Two optical parameters-tissue water index (TWI) and organ hemoglobin index (OHI)-were extracted and combined into a novel three-point GLIMMER score. Primary endpoint was MGMT promoter methylation status determined by pyrosequencing. Diagnostic performance of the GLIMMER score was measured by AUC, sensitivity, and specificity. A subgroup analysis focused on IDH-wild-type glioblastoma (n = 16).
resultsOHI ≤ 0.606 and TWI ≥ 0.501 were significantly associated with MGMT promoter methylation. The combined GLIMMER score achieved an AUC of 0.95 (95% CI, 0.87-1.00) with 94.7% sensitivity and 83.3% specificity. In the glioblastoma subgroup, the AUC was 0.97, with 100% sensitivity and 75% specificity. Patients scoring ≥ 1 point had significantly higher MGMT methylation (31.5%) than those scoring 0 points (7.9%; p < 0.001).
conclusionsThe GLIMMER score suggests potential ultra-rapid, non-invasive intraoperative estimation of MGMT promoter methylation with high diagnostic performance. These findings necessitate further validation with in-vivo HSI-guided biopsies to guide future personalized resection strategies in glioma patients. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS, Trial number: DRKS00036771, Registration date: 05.05.2025).
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