Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41247558›Full record

ArticleJournal of epidemiology and global health2025

Leukemia Incidence and Demographic Trends in Saudi Arabia, 1997-2022: A Nationwide Registry Analysis.

Hibah A Almasmoum, Afnan S Salaka, Imtinan Y Alamri, Waiel S Halabi, Marwa M Bokhari, Mariah N Hafiz, Abdulrahman Mujalli

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Article in Journal of epidemiology and global health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Hibah A AlmasmoumDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 24381, Saudi Arabia.
Afnan S SalakaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 24381, Saudi Arabia.
Imtinan Y AlamriDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 24381, Saudi Arabia.
Waiel S HalabiDepartment of Optometry, College of Medical Sciences, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 23218, Saudi Arabia.
Marwa M BokhariArmed Forces Hospital Taif Region-Al Hada, Taif, 26792, Saudi Arabia.
Mariah N HafizDepartment of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Northern Border University, Arar, 73213, Saudi Arabia.
Abdulrahman MujalliDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 24381, Saudi Arabia. ammujalli@uqu.edu.sa.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLeukemia presents a significant and evolving public health challenge in Saudi Arabia, yet long-term nationwide epidemiological trends are unavailable. This study aimed to characterize temporal, demographic, and regional patterns in leukemia incidence from 1997 to 2022.

methodsWe conducted a retrospective nationwide analysis using the Saudi Cancer Registry and Global Burden of Disease data. We calculated age-standardized incidence rates (ASR), age-specific incidence rates (AIR) per 100 000, and average/annual percentage changes (AAPC/APC) by age, sex, leukemia type, and administrative region.

resultsThe overall ASR was 5.9, with an increase over time (AAPC = 2.28, 95% CI 1.68‒2.87), sharply accelerating after 2016 (APC = 9.47, 95% CI 6.21‒15.18). This trend was driven by a dual burden in pediatric (0-14 years; boys AAPC = 2.67, 95% CI 1.95‒3.40; girls AAPC = 2.38, 95% CI 1.41‒3.66), and 50+ adults (males AAPC = 1.7, 95% CI 0.55‒2.86; females AAPC = 3.0, 95% CI 1.76‒4.25), including a 147% AIR increase among males aged 75+. Myeloid leukemia (AAPC = 2.68, 95% CI 0.67‒3.66) became the most common type after 2019, overtaking lymphoid leukemia. Regionally, Riyadh had the highest overall burden (ASR = 6.7), while the Northern region exhibited the fastest growth (AAPC = 10.51, 95% CI 4.09‒16.89). Qassim was the sole exception (AAPC = - 4.54, 95% CI -6.43‒-2.63).

conclusionLeukemia incidence in Saudi Arabia is accelerating at a rate exceeding global trends, highlighting the need for targeted, regionally adapted surveillance. Further research into underlying demographic and regional drivers is essential to guide effective cancer control planning.

Indexed as

LeukemiaAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAge DistributionChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansIncidenceInfantInfant, NewbornMaleMiddle AgedRegistriesAnnual Percentage ChangeIncidenceLeukemiaMyeloid LeukemiaSaudi Cancer Registry

Identifiers

PMID41247558
PMCPMC12623604

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.