Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41246783›Full record

ArticleCureus2025

Decreasing the Epilepsy Treatment Gap in Tena, Ecuador: A Report From 2021 to 2023.

Grace Bayas, Gema Bayas, Angel Bayas, Erica O Bayas Cardenas, Noralyn Franco, Christian M Sigcha, Kevin Shapiro, Shaye Moskowitz, Patricio S Espinosa, Rajib Kanti Dey and 6 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Grace BayasNeurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
Gema BayasNeurology, International Neurology Foundation, Boca Raton, USA.
Angel BayasNeurology, Espinosa Neuroscience Institute, Boca Raton, USA.
Erica O Bayas CardenasInterventional Radiology, Boca Raton Regional Hospital, Boca Raton, USA.
Noralyn FrancoMedical School, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, USA.
Christian M SigchaMedical School, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, ECU.
Kevin ShapiroNeurology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA.
Shaye MoskowitzNeurosurgery, Broward Health, Pompano, USA.
Patricio S EspinosaNeurology, Espinosa Neuroscience Institute, Boca Raton, USA.
Rajib Kanti DeyNeurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
Chester S CamiaNeurodiagnostics, Cortica, Los Angeles, USA.
Steve CoatesNeurophysiology, TeleEEG, Whitley Bay, GBR.
Charlotte StowNeurology, TeleEEG, Barnard Castle, GBR.
Niels TurleyNeurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
Jin JingNeurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
Michael B WestoverNeurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background Neurological care in rural areas such as Tena, Ecuador, remains critically low due to geographic, economic, and systemic barriers. Tena, located in the Amazon region, has limited access to specialized neurological services, creating significant health disparities. Since 2009, the International Neurology Foundation (INF) has partnered with the Hospital José María Velasco Ibarra to address these challenges. Methodology This retrospective analysis summarizes data from the INF medical service relief trip (MSRT) conducted in Tena from 2021 to 2023. Clinical records, interviews with providers, and MSRT reports were reviewed to assess patient demographics, diagnoses, treatments, and interventions. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used to identify trends and insights. Results Over three years, 751 patients were treated, with epilepsy being the most common diagnosis (265 cases). Children under the age of 10 years represented the largest patient group. Key achievements included the donation of electroencephalography equipment, enabling local epilepsy diagnostics, and training local healthcare providers. Persistent challenges included limited imaging resources, inconsistent medication supply, and barriers related to language and transportation. Conclusions INF's initiatives have significantly improved access to neurological care in Tena, enhancing diagnostic capabilities and providing critical training. Sustainable progress requires investment in infrastructure, expanded training programs, and consistent medication availability. The Tena experience serves as a model for reducing health disparities and improving neurological care in resource-limited settings, aligning with global health equity priorities.

Indexed as

diagnostic gapecuadorepilepsy careglobal healthhealth equityneurological careneurologyrural healthtelemedicineunderserved populations

Identifiers

PMID41246783
PMCPMC12614661

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.