Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41246699›Full record

ArticleCureus2025

Visual Acuity Assessment in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder Using a Child-Friendly Minimum-Separable Chart: A Five-Case Report.

Yo Iwata, Yuki Kusayanagi

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Yo IwataDepartment of Ophthalmology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, JPN.
Yuki KusayanagiDepartment of Ophthalmology Examination, Sakoh Eye Clinic, Kawasaki, JPN.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often have eye disorders, such as strabismus and amblyopia; thus, it is important to evaluate their visual function. However, achieving their cooperation for visual acuity testing is challenging. We developed a child-friendly minimum separable chart (CFMS chart) using meaningful pictures and two-choice answers. In this study, visual acuity tests were performed using both Landolt rings and CFMS charts in five children with ASD. For the Landolt ring test, only one patient was cooperative, whereas for the CFMS chart, all the patients were cooperative for evaluating the visual acuity of at least one eye. The meaningful visual targets and the two-choice format promoted understanding and interest among children with ASD, making it easier to obtain their cooperation for visual acuity testing. This is the first study to demonstrate the potential of the CFMS chart as a method for assessing visual acuity in children with ASD.

Indexed as

autism spectrum disorderchild-friendly minimum-separable chartcooperation ratepediatric ophthalmologyvisual acuity testing

Identifiers

PMID41246699
PMCPMC12619115

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.