ArticleCureus2025
High-Risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Status in Colposcopically Diagnosed Low- and High-Grade Cervical Lesions: A Cross-Sectional Study From a Tertiary Care Center in South India.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is the central etiological factor in the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer. While cytology-based screening has been the traditional approach, HPV DNA testing is emerging as a more sensitive modality, especially in resource-constrained settings. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HPV DNA positivity in women with low-grade (LSIL) and high-grade (HSIL) cervical lesions as identified by colposcopy. Methods This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted over 18 months (January 2023 to June 2025) in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at a tertiary care hospital (Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital) in South India. Women aged 25-55 years with abnormal cervical findings underwent colposcopic evaluation. Lesions were categorized as LSIL or HSIL based on colposcopic impressions. Cervical samples were subjected to high-risk HPV DNA testing using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The primary outcome was HPV positivity across lesion grades. Results Among 60 participants, 12 (20.0%) were primigravida, 11 (18.3%) were second gravida, and 37 (61.7%) were gravida three or above. Nulliparity was observed in 12 (20.0%) women, while 35 (58.3%) had ≥2 deliveries. Irregular menstrual cycles were reported by 23 (38.3%), postcoital bleeding by 16 (26.7%), and abnormal vaginal discharge by 18 (30.0%). Colposcopy revealed LSIL in 46 (76.7%) and HSIL in 14 (23.3%). HPV DNA was detected in 42 (70.0%) participants, with all HSIL cases [14 (100.0%)] and 28 (60.9%) of LSIL cases testing positive, indicating a significant association between HPV positivity and lesion severity (p = 0.03). Conclusion HPV DNA testing demonstrated high detection rates, particularly among women with HSIL, reinforcing its utility as a triage tool in cervical cancer prevention. Integration of HPV testing with colposcopy can enhance early identification and risk stratification of cervical lesions, especially in settings where cytology-based screening is inconsistent.
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