ArticleCureus2025
I2 Statistic as the Selection Bias Test: Trial Effect Estimates in Relation to Identified Bias Levels.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Article
- I2 Statistic as the Selection Bias Test: Trial Effect Estimates in Relation to Identified Bias Levels.Cureus · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimThis study aimed to investigate the association between selection bias, established by the use of the I
methodsRCTs reporting computable outcomes and baseline data were selected from published systematic review reports that, in turn, were identified through a systematic literature search in PubMed up to 2024. All RCTs were tested for selection bias using the trial-adjusted, simulated comparator trial (SCT)-based I
resultsA total of 332 RCTs, published from 1985 to 2023 in various medical specialties, were tested. Test applicability was limited by the low quality of RCT reporting. 'Low' selection bias was identified in 202 RCTs and 'high' selection bias in 130 RCTs. The estimation of selection bias levels within pre-specified I
conclusionThe trial-adjusted, SCT-based I
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.