ReviewCureus2025
Incidence and Time to Diagnosis of Secondary Malignancies Among Patients With Hairy Cell Leukemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Review in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare, indolent, chronic lymphoid neoplasm mainly treated with purine analogs. While some studies report an increased risk of secondary malignancies in patients with HCL, the incidence and the time from HCL diagnosis to the development of secondary cancers remain uncertain. To elucidate the incidence, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis. The cumulative incidence of secondary malignancies was 11.2% (95% confidence interval (CI): 8.6-14.3), with a higher incidence observed in patients treated with purine analogs (11.4%, 95% CI: 8.1-15.8) compared with those receiving non-purine analogs (4.8%, 95% CI: 3.6-6.3). The mean time from HCL diagnosis to secondary malignancy development was 100.6 months (95% CI: 56.1-145.0). The mean time varied by treatment group: 74.8 months (95% CI: 61.5-88.0) for non-purine analogs, 116.5 months (95% CI: 31.5-201.5) for purine analogs, and 86.6 months (95% CI: 64.2-109.0) for combination therapies. In conclusion, the choice of initial therapy significantly influences the risk of secondary malignancies, with purine analogs associated with a higher incidence.
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