ArticleCureus2025
Comparison of the Effect of Mask Preconditioning With and Without Video Demonstration on Child Induction Behaviour During Inhalational General Anaesthesia: A Randomised Controlled Trial.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInhalational induction of anaesthesia in children is often complicated by poor facemask acceptance and perioperative anxiety, leading to crying, agitation and distress, which can create negative experiences for both children and parents. Such difficulties have been associated with prolonged induction times, increased anaesthetic risk and adverse postoperative behavioural outcomes. Several non-pharmacological strategies, including flavoured masks, audiovisual distraction and parental presence, have been explored to improve cooperation, with varying success. Mask preconditioning has been proposed as a simple, practical approach to reduce fear; however, the role of structured video demonstration combined with parental and child participation remains underexplored. This study aimed to compare facemask acceptance during inhalational induction of anaesthesia in children aged 4-10 years, with and without video demonstration of mask preconditioning.
methodsThis single-blind, randomised controlled trial was conducted from March to May 2021 at Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church Medical College, Kerala, India. Seventy-five children were recruited; 66 were randomised (35 video and 31 no video). The intervention group viewed a prerecorded two-minute educational video demonstrating mask preconditioning, followed by parental and child simulation. The control group received only a live demonstration. Outcomes included facemask acceptance (assessed using the Child Induction Behavioural Assessment Tool (CIBAT)), time to loss of eyelash reflex (T₁) and time to intravenous (IV) cannulation (T₂). The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church Medical College, Kolenchery, Kerala, India (approval number: MOSC/IEC/412/2020, date: 17-01-2020) and registered with the Clinical Trials Registry-India (CTRI/2021/03/032389).
resultsMask acceptance showed no significant difference between groups (p = 0.16). The mean time to loss of eyelash reflex was significantly longer in the video group (237.1 ± 34.4 seconds) compared to the no-video group (217.3 ± 36.9 seconds, p = 0.027). No difference was observed in the time to intravenous cannulation.
conclusionVideo-assisted mask preconditioning with parental and child simulation did not significantly improve overall facemask acceptance. It was, however, associated with smoother inductions and longer times to loss of eyelash reflex. These findings are preliminary and should be interpreted cautiously in light of the study's limitations, including reduced sample size and single-centre design. Larger, multicentre studies are required to confirm these results before any consideration of routine clinical application.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.