Comparison between Triglyceride Glucose Index and Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance in Their Associations with Vascular Dysfunction: Danyang Study.

Introduction: While insulin resistance (IR) is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease, vascular dysfunction represents a critical early pathological link. Although prior studies support the association between IR and vascular dysfunction, it remains unknown whether IR assessed by homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) or the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) is more closely related to specific markers of vascular dysfunction. Methods: A total of 2,278 participants (59.3% women; average age, 56.7 ± 11.0 years) were recruited in this study. The HOMA-IR and TyG index was calculated using (fasting insulin [μIU/mL] × fasting glucose [mmol/L]/22.5) and ln (fasting triglyceride [mg/dL] × fasting glucose [mg/dL]/2), respectively. Vascular measurements included brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), representing macro- and microvascular dysfunction, respectively. Results: Irrespective of the assessment methods of IR, both the TyG index and HOMA-IR were all significantly associated with the vascular indices before ( Conclusion: The TyG index demonstrated a stronger association with arterial stiffness (baPWV) than HOMA-IR, whereas the HOMA-IR showed a more pronounced association with albuminuria, especially in women.