ArticleFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2025
IFABP and TFF3 as predictors for intestinal health in the perioperative setting in children with congenital heart disease.
Article in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) undergoing cardiac surgery are at heightened risk of gastrointestinal complications due to imbalances in systemic and pulmonary blood flow, often resulting in impaired intestinal perfusion and mucosal injury. Intestinal biomarkers such as intestinal fatty acid binding protein (IFABP) and trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) indicate intestinal damage. This study investigates intestinal fatty acid binding protein (IFABP) and trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) as biomarkers for intestinal cell damage and their potential utility in predicting clinical outcomes particularly the progression of enteral feeding post-surgery. Methods: Serum and urine samples from 85 children with congenital heart defects were analyzed pre- and postoperatively at 6 time points focusing on IFABP and TFF3. IFABP and TFF3 levels were measured via ELISA and categorized into ordinal groups based on previous pediatric reference data and observed population distributions. A composite score (TI-score) combining urinary IFABP and serum TFF3 categories was created to improve predictive strength for outcome parameters. The primary outcome was time to full enteral nutrition; secondary outcomes included duration of invasive and non-invasive ventilation, vasoactive-inotropic score (VIS), and length of hospital stay. Results: Of 85 analyzed patients, 73% showed elevated preoperative serum I-FABP levels (>336 pg/ml), with postoperative peaks at ICU admission and normalization within 60 h. The TI-score, combining both biomarkers, showed the strongest correlations with clinical outcomes such as duration of invasive ventilation (IV), duration of non-invasive ventilation (NIV), ventilation duration, time to full enteral nutrition and length of hospital stay ( Conclusion: IFABP and TFF3 are reliable biomarkers for assessing intestinal injury in children undergoing cardiac surgery. The TI-score provides enhanced prognostic value and may serve as a practical tool to guide clinical management and nutritional planning in this vulnerable population.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.