Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41244666›Full record

ReviewThe Japanese dental science review2025

What is the optimal concentration of carbamide peroxide for at-home bleaching? A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Deisy Cristina Ferreira Cordeiro, Romina Ñaupari-Villasante, Letícia Caroline Condolo, Renata Maria Oleniki Terra, Michael Willian Favoreto, Juliana Larocca de Geus, Ana Claudia Chibinski, Alessandra Reis

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in The Japanese dental science review, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Deisy Cristina Ferreira CordeiroDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
Romina Ñaupari-VillasanteDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
Letícia Caroline CondoloDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
Renata Maria Oleniki TerraDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
Michael Willian FavoretoDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tuiuti University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
Juliana Larocca de GeusDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
Ana Claudia ChibinskiDepartment of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
Alessandra ReisDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study represents the first network meta-analysis (NMA) comparing the efficacy and safety of different concentrations of carbamide peroxide (CP) for at-home bleaching in permanent dentition. A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Cochrane Central, LILACS/BBO, SCOPUS, Web of Science, EMBASE, and gray literature. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing at least two CP concentrations were included. Color change (ΔE, ΔSGU), risk and intensity of tooth sensitivity TS was assessed Cochrane RoB 2.0 and GRADE were used to evaluate the risk of bias (RoB) and certainty of evidence. Thirteen RCTs were included, most with high RoB. CP5 % and 37 % appeared in a single trial each. For ΔSGU, no significant differences were detected between concentrations. For ΔE, all concentrations were superior to CP 5 %, with the largest difference observed for CP 37 %; intermediate concentrations showed minimal variations. Regarding TS, CP10 % was associated with a 67 % lower risk compared to CP 20-22 % (RR 1.67; 95 % CrI: 1.15-2.57), and CP 20-22 % also caused significantly higher TS intensity on the NRS scale. Conclusion: Lower concentrations of CP reduced the risk of TS while achieving bleaching efficacy comparable to higher concentrations, suggesting that less concentrated gels is safer and effective for at-home bleaching.

Indexed as

Dentin sensitivityNetwork meta-analysisSystematic reviewTooth bleachingTooth Bleaching Agents

Identifiers

PMID41244666
PMCPMC12615359

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.