ReviewBioengineering & translational medicine2025
Three-dimensional tissue engineering and organoid technologies for retinal regeneration and therapy.
Review in Bioengineering & translational medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Redefining ocular safety assessment: retinal organoids as platforms for predicting human ocular toxicology.Genes & genomics · 2026Review
- Three-dimensional tissue engineering and organoid technologies for retinal regeneration and therapy.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2025Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The human eye, a masterpiece of evolution, orchestrates the intricate process of vision. The retina is a tissue with a layered structure that plays a critical role in converting light signals into neural impulses interpretable by the brain. Various eye conditions such as glaucoma, retinitis pigmentosa, age-related macular degeneration, and other retinopathies are characterized by damage or degeneration in the retina. Recent strides in organoid cultivation and advanced three-dimensional (3D) bioengineering technologies offer promising avenues for potential therapeutic interventions. Compared to traditional two-dimensional cell culture models, which are non-natural and limited in accuracy, 3D models, including organoids, electrospinning constructs, microfabrication-based scaffolds, and hydrogel systems, are more delicate, especially in recapitulating tissue architecture, offering spatial patterning, and enabling vascularization. Retinal organoids are 3D multicellular structures derived from stem cells that can mimic the retina's layered architecture and functionality. However, their inherent complexity, including the presence of multiple differentiated cell types, may not be necessary for all disease modeling applications. In contrast, engineered 3D technologies can be tailored to specific retinal diseases by incorporating only the most relevant cell types, matrix stiffness, and spatial arrangements, offering greater experimental control and reproducibility in targeted therapeutic testing. In the following paper, we will discuss organoid generation in detail. Besides retinal organoids, bioprinting is another promising avenue for regenerative medicines. We further review a suite of 3D fabrication strategies, including inkjet and laser-assisted bioprinting, electrospun scaffolds, and hydrogel systems, and evaluate their current and potential applications in modeling retinal diseases and developing translational therapies. We will also delve into the contemporary advancements in retinal therapies, particularly emphasizing the roles and prospects of organoid and engineered 3D technologies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.