ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2026
Folic Acid-Modified Ginger-Derived Exosome-Like Nanoparticles Co-Delivering Sunitinib Suppress Renal Cell Carcinoma via PI3K-Akt Pathway Inhibition, P-gp Downregulation, and Macrophage Reprogramming.
Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Exosome-like nanoparticles derived fromInternational journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Article
- Past, Present, and Future of Plant-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Biomedical Applications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Multidrug resistance in cancer: current understandings and future perspective.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Plant-Derived Vesicle-like Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy: From Drug Delivery to Combined Immunotherapy.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Self-Assembled Berberine-Sinapic Acid Nanomedicine for Synergistic Chemotherapy.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Plant-derived exosomes: an emerging delivery platform for cancer therapy.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Folic Acid-Modified Ginger-Derived Exosome-Like Nanoparticles Co-Delivering Sunitinib Suppress Renal Cell Carcinoma via PI3K-Akt Pathway Inhibition, P-gp Downregulation, and Macrophage Reprogramming.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Harnessing Nanocarriers to Improve Psychiatric Treatment: Progress, Limitations, and Future Directions.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Plant-Derived Exosomes in Aesthetic Medicine.Biomaterials research · 2026Review
- The Mechanism and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nano-Formulations in the Treatment of Renal Fibrosis.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Advances in understanding exosome-mediated regulation of macrophage function.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Targeting Folate Receptors for the Detection and Selective Treatment of Cancer: Advanced Precision Oncology in Practice.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Review
- Advances in Exosome Research in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Applications.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Plant-Derived Exosome-Like Nanovesicles for CNS Drug Delivery and Gut-Brain Axis Modulation: A Narrative Review.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a malignant tumor with highly recurrent and metastatic capability. The current therapies for RCC are limited by drug resistance and toxic side effects. This study introduces an innovative approach that combines ginger-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (GELNs) with sunitinib (Su) and folic acid-polyethylene glycol (FA-PEG, FPD) in an active-passive targeting strategy to explore its multi-mechanism and synergistic therapeutic effects on RCC. GELNs are extracted via differential centrifugation combined with sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation. Metabolomics and network pharmacology predicted that GELNs may exert their anticancer efficacy via the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, which is subsequently validated through in vitro experiments. By loading Su and modifying it with FPD, FPD-GELNs/Su is constructed. The FPD modification significantly enhanced tumor targeting and amplified the Su sensitivity by reducing ABCB1/P-gp expression induced by GELNs. In vivo experiments revealed that FPD-GELNs/Su promoted M1 macrophage polarization and increased immune T-cell infiltration by remodeling the tumor microenvironment, leading to significant inhibition of tumor growth and lung metastasis without causing notable liver or kidney toxicity. This study integrates network pharmacology with targeted delivery strategies, elucidating the mechanisms by which FPD-GELNs/Su inhibits RCC progression through multiple pathways, providing new insights for the development of precise and low-toxicity nano-therapies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.