Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41243269›Full record

ArticleInfluenza and other respiratory viruses2025

Immunity to Influenza B/Yamagata-Lineage Viruses Has Not Waned Since the Disappearance of This Virus Lineage.

Hassanein H Abozeid, Chunyang Gu, Sanja Trifkovic, Gabriele Neumann, Yoshihiro Kawaoka

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Influenza and other respiratory viruses, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Hassanein H AbozeidInfluenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5433-6939
Chunyang GuInfluenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Sanja TrifkovicInfluenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Gabriele NeumannInfluenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Yoshihiro KawaokaInfluenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5061-8296

Funding

Development of broadly-protective vaccines for influenza B virusesR33AI159937 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI KAWAOKA, YOSHIHIRO · 2023 to 2025
$1.5M
Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)NIAID NIH HHS R33 AI159937
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInfluenza B viruses are important contributors to seasonal influenza epidemics. Two antigenically distinct lineages, B/Victoria and B/Yamagata, have been circulating since the late 1980s. However, the B/Yamagata lineage has not been detected in most countries since 2020, potentially resulting in waning immunity that may leave people vulnerable to B/Yamagata virus infections, should this lineage reemerge.

methodsWe investigated the impact of the recent lack of B/Yamagata virus circulation on immunity in adults by analyzing the hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) titers of serum samples (n = 504) collected from 2013 through 2024 against influenza B viruses circulating from 1958 to 2019.

resultsHuman serum HI titers to B/Yamagata viruses have not markedly declined since B/Yamagata viruses were last detected in the US in 2020. Human serum HI titers were highest against the first encountered B/Victoria- and B/Yamagata-lineage viruses, respectively, revealing imprinting effects.

conclusionsThe recent disappearance of the B/Yamagata lineage has not led to a substantial decline in antibody levels against this lineage.

Indexed as

Antibodies, ViralInfluenza B virusInfluenza, HumanAdolescentAdultAgedFemaleHemagglutination Inhibition TestsHumansMaleMiddle AgedYoung AdultAntibodies, Viralantibody waningB/Yamagata lineageinfluenza B virus

Identifiers

PMID41243269
PMCPMC12620126

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.