Observational studyPediatric radiology2026
Charting normative reference values and Z-scores for MRI-derived in vivo placental growth.
Observational study in Pediatric radiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Normative volumetric growth modeling of the whole fetal body, placenta, and amniotic fluid for three-dimensional T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging.Pediatric radiology · 2026Article
- Recent innovations in placental MRI: Integrating visualization and functional imaging.Placenta · 2026Review
- Normative volumetric growth modeling of the whole fetal body, placenta and amniotic fluid for 3-dimensional T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn vivo placental volume derived from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a novel imaging tool to evaluate the placenta during pregnancy, as the placenta is difficult to access throughout gestation. There is a paucity of established standardized normative raw values and Z-scores for in vivo placental volume based on MRI.
objectiveTo establish normative references for in vivo placental MRI-based volumes derived from a large cohort of healthy pregnant women carrying healthy fetuses throughout gestation. MATERIALS AND
methodsHealthy pregnant women with healthy singleton pregnancies greater than 16 weeks gestation were enrolled in a longitudinal, prospective observational study. In total, 313 placental MRIs were analyzed from 209 pregnant women. In-vivo placentas were manually segmented to derive volumes and Z-scores. Means, standard deviations, and percentiles for normative reference raw values were calculated using weekly gestational age (GA) bins. Placental volume Z-scores were calculated based on 2-week GA bins using means and standard deviations.
resultsNormative reference placental volumes from 209 subjects (313 scans) with median GA 31.43 [8.86] weeks are presented in weekly and bi-weekly GA bins. Using 2-week GA intervals, 95% of placental volume Z-scores were within ±2 standard deviations of the population mean.
conclusionThis data provides established normative in vivo raw and Z-score values derived from placental MRI. The value of accessing the placenta in vivo through MRI has become increasingly recognized, as the importance of the placenta in fetal and postnatal health is now more widely known. Establishing normative reference values for the in vivo placenta throughout gestation benefits both the clinical and scientific communities.
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