ArticleBMC research notes2025
Hormonal and reproductive factors and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Chinese women: a case-control study.
Article in BMC research notes, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundSex hormones may play a role in the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but the evidence is limited.
methodsThis case-control study collected information on sex hormonal and reproductive factors of 99 female incident NPC cases and 109 female controls in Hong Kong through face-to-face interviews.
resultsAn increased risk of NPC associated with late menarche and spontaneous miscarriage history was indicated when adjusted for age only, the age-adjusted odds ratio (OR) were 2.22, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04-4.72 for menarche at ages > 14 years, 2.31 (95% CI 1.03-5.18) for one miscarriage, and 4.00 (95% CI 1.04-15.31) for ≥ 2 miscarriages. But such associations were attenuated after adjustment for additional potential confounders, the fully-adjusted OR were 1.78 (95% CI 0.76-4.14) for menarche at ages > 14 years, 2.11 (95% CI 0.90-4.99) for one miscarriage, and 3.42 (95% CI 0.76-15.32) for ≥ 2 miscarriages. No associations were found for the other studied exposures.
conclusionsSeveral hormonal exposures in relation to NPC risk were studied for the first time. However, this analysis led to inconclusive results given the small size but suggest no association between sex hormones and NPC in Hong Kong women.
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