Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41239496›Full record

ReviewMalaria journal2025

Epidemiological stratification and sub-national tailoring of malaria interventions in Liberia.

Victor S Koko, D Levi Hinneh, Odell Kumeh, Trokon Washington, Joseph O Alade, Derry Saye-Dah Duokie, C Sanford Wesseh, Luke Bawo, Thomas Davis, Jethro Zawolo and 8 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Malaria journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Victor S KokoNational Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Monrovia, Liberia. Victorskoko82@gmail.com.
D Levi HinnehNational Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Monrovia, Liberia. dlevi9923@gmail.com.
Odell KumehNational Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Monrovia, Liberia.
Trokon WashingtonNational Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Monrovia, Liberia.
Joseph O AladeNational Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Monrovia, Liberia.
Derry Saye-Dah DuokieMinistry of Health, Monrovia, Liberia.
C Sanford WessehMinistry of Health, Monrovia, Liberia.
Luke BawoMinistry of Health, Monrovia, Liberia.
Thomas DavisLiberia Institute for Statistics and Geo-Information Services, Monrovia, Liberia.
Jethro ZawoloJhpiego, Monrovia, Liberia.
Patrick KonwlohMinistry of Health, Monrovia, Liberia.
Dikena JacksonMinistry of Health, Monrovia, Liberia.
Tabadeh Collins KollahNational Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Monrovia, Liberia.
Lent JonesNational Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Monrovia, Liberia.
Agnes S JanafoNational Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Monrovia, Liberia.
Moses Kerkula JeuronlonWorld Health Organization Country Office, Monrovia, Liberia.
Beatriz GalatasGlobal Malaria Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Emmanuel A TemuIndependent Consultant, RBM Partnership to End Malaria, Geneva, Switzerland. emmanuel.temu@gmail.com.

Funding

World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMalaria is a major cause of illness and death in Liberia. Given the high burden of disease and limited resources, Liberia implemented a subnational tailoring (SNT) approach. This approach involved stakeholder engagement, data review, and advanced analytics to update transmission risk assessment, optimize intervention targeting, and revise the national operational plan.

methodsAn SNT team was established to determine intervention targeting criteria, compile and analyse relevant data sources, and stratify malaria risk and its determinants to inform geographical targeting of interventions. The analysis was performed at the district level. Data collected and reviewed included routine malaria data from health facilities, the national survey on malaria indicators, entomological data, demographic and health surveys, and modelled malaria burden metrics.

resultsEpidemiological stratification was conducted based on modelled parasite prevalence (PfPR), incorporating results from the 2022 Malaria Indicator Survey, to inform intervention strategies. Additional indicators relevant for decision-making, such as insecticide resistance, historical malaria interventions, and access to healthcare, were also stratified. The median PfPR across the 98 health districts was 29% (SD = 4.8%), ranging from 17 to 37%. The stratification identified 84 districts as moderate transmission and 14 as high transmission, with no districts classified as low transmission. Appropriate malaria control interventions were proposed based on these strata. Findings from the SNT analysis informed the revision of the national operational plan and facilitate resource mobilization for the scale-up of dual-active nets and expanding vaccination.

conclusionThis NMCP-led subnational malaria stratification for Liberia effectively informed the targeting of eight key interventions and highlighted data gaps for future refinement. This work not only provides a framework for monitoring progress and accelerating malaria burden reduction through tailored approaches but also sets the stage for continuously data-driven decision-making, emphasizing future prioritization based on projected impact, cost, and resource availability.

Indexed as

Communicable Disease ControlMalariaChild, PreschoolHumansLiberiaPrevalence

Identifiers

PMID41239496
PMCPMC12619253

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.