ArticleAAPS PharmSciTech2025
Smart Antifungal Therapy: Lipase-Responsive Ketoconazole and Atorvastatin Co-loaded Poly є-caprolactone Nanoparticles for Cutaneous Candidiasis.
Article in AAPS PharmSciTech, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
This study aimed to fabricate lipase-sensitive, polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) in the film forming spray for co-delivering Ketoconazole (KTZ), and Atorvastatin (ATV), against cutaneous candidiasis. Poly (є-caprolactone) was utilized to synthesize (PNPs) through the Nanoprecipitation technique. The Co-loaded KTZ-ATV PNPs were optimized by Design Expert for particle size (PS), zeta potential (ZP), and polydispersity index (PDI). The optimized KTZ-ATV Co-loaded PNPs were extensively characterized by FTIR, XRD, DSC, and TEM. KTZ-ATV Co-loaded PNPs were loaded in the film forming spray (FFS). In vitro release, skin permeation, deposition, and irritation studies were conducted. In vitro and in vivo antifungal efficacy of Co-loaded PNPs based FFS was analyzed. The optimized formulation exhibited PS of 261 ± 0.8 nm, ZP potential of -23 mV ± 1.0, PDI of 0.112 ± 0.01, and %Entrapment Efficiency of 86.7 ± 2.11 for KTZ and 85 ± 1.61 for ATV. In vitro release studies of KTZ-ATV PNPs exhibited a sustained and lipase responsive drug release at skin pH(5.5). Skin deposition and permeation studies of Co-loaded PNPs based FFS .demonstrated significantly enhanced skin permeation and deposition in comparison to marketed cream and exhibited no observable irritation risk. In vitro antifungal assay exhibited a profoundly increased zone of inhibition (ZOI) in comparison to the marketed formulations. Co-loaded PNPs based FFS exhibited substantially increased antifungal potential in in vivo cutaneous candidiasis model. The findings suggest that Co-loaded PNPs based FFS could serve as a more promising therapeutic option for treating cutaneous candidiasis, offering an exceptional antifungal potential, targeted activity, enhanced skin deposition, and improved permeation.
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Registered trials
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