Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41239057›Full record

ReviewCurrent neurology and neuroscience reports2025

Non-Invasive Neuromodulation in the Treatment of Headache.

Katrina Nayak, Victoria Phoumthipphavong, Christopher Oakley

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Current neurology and neuroscience reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Non-pharmacological approaches for migraine management: a mini-review.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Katrina NayakJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 301 Mason Lord Dr. Ste 2100, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA. Knayak2@jh.edu.
Victoria PhoumthipphavongJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 301 Mason Lord Dr. Ste 2100, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
Christopher OakleyJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 301 Mason Lord Dr. Ste 2100, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purpose of reviewThis article aims to summarize the key evidence supporting the use of non-invasive neuromodulation devices in the treatment of various headache disorders in adults and children. RECENT

findingsOver the last decade, different modalities have emerged for the non-invasive management of various headache disorders, with increasing evidence in recent years demonstrating their safety and efficacy in the treatment of migraine and trigeminal autonomic cephalgias, as well as other headache disorders. These devices include external trigeminal nerve stimulation (eTNS), transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulator (TENS), single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (sTMS), non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS), remote electrical neuromodulation (REN), and external concurrent trigeminal and occipital nerve neurostimulation (eCOT-NS). These non-pharmacologic options for the management of headache are safe, have evidence to support their use, and they are a particularly appealing option for patients vulnerable to the side effects of pharmacologic treatments or those who are looking to avoid them.

Indexed as

Electric Stimulation TherapyHeadacheHeadache DisordersTranscranial Magnetic StimulationTranscutaneous Electric Nerve StimulationHumansVagus Nerve StimulationAcute treatmentFDA clearanceMigraineNon-invasive neuromodulationPreventative treatmentTrigeminal autonomic cephalgia

Identifiers

PMID41239057

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.