Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41239007›Full record

ArticleJournal of assisted reproduction and genetics2026

Rates and risk factors of oocyte immaturity: toward personalized selection for rescue in vitro maturation.

Marilena Taggi, Roberta Maggiulli, Federica Innocenti, Valentina Casciani, Greta Chiara Cermisoni, Daria Maria Soscia, Pasquale Petrone, Alessandro Ruffa, Laura Albricci, Giulia Fiorentino and 6 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Marilena TaggiIVIRMA Global Research Alliance, Genera, Clinica Valle Giulia, Rome, Italy.
Roberta MaggiulliIVIRMA Global Research Alliance, Genera, Clinica Valle Giulia, Rome, Italy.
Federica InnocentiIVIRMA Global Research Alliance, Genera, Clinica Valle Giulia, Rome, Italy.
Valentina CascianiIVIRMA Global Research Alliance, Genera, Clinica Valle Giulia, Rome, Italy.
Greta Chiara CermisoniIVIRMA Global Research Alliance, Genera, Clinica Valle Giulia, Rome, Italy.
Daria Maria SosciaIVIRMA Global Research Alliance, Genera, Clinica Valle Giulia, Rome, Italy.
Pasquale PetroneIVIRMA Global Research Alliance, IVI, Roma, Rome, Italy.
Alessandro RuffaIVIRMA Global Research Alliance, Genera, Clinica Valle Giulia, Rome, Italy.
Laura AlbricciIVIRMA Global Research Alliance, Genera, Clinica Valle Giulia, Rome, Italy.
Giulia FiorentinoDepartment of Biology and Biotechnology 'Lazzaro Spallanzani', Laboratory of Biology and Biotechnology of Reproduction, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Maurizio ZuccottiDepartment of Biology and Biotechnology 'Lazzaro Spallanzani', Laboratory of Biology and Biotechnology of Reproduction, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Alberto VaiarelliIVIRMA Global Research Alliance, Genera, Clinica Valle Giulia, Rome, Italy.
Antonio CapalboJuno Genetics, Rome, Italy.
Giovanni CoticchioIVIRMA Global Research Alliance, IVIRMA Italia, Rome, Italy.
Laura RienziIVIRMA Global Research Alliance, Genera, Clinica Valle Giulia, Rome, Italy.
Danilo CimadomoIVIRMA Global Research Alliance, Genera, Clinica Valle Giulia, Rome, Italy. danilo.cimadomo@unipv.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5390-9221

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo identify treatment-related factors influencing low oocyte maturation rates in standard ovarian stimulation (OS) cycles and patients' candidates for clinical studies on rescue-IVM.

methodsRetrospective study including retrievals with ≥ 1 cumulus-oocyte-complex (COC; years: 2008-2022). The weighted-mean immaturityrate (19%) was defined in the whole dataset (N = 16,155). Variables associated with immaturity rates and warning limit (defined as weighted average + 2SD) were appraised among first retrievals with ≥ 5 COCs (N = 7962). Of the patients undergoing a first oocyte pick-up, 667 completed three retrieval cycles, enabling evaluation of the true prevalence of patients exceeding the immaturity rate warning threshold over multiple cycles.

resultsFactors influencing immaturity rate included OS duration, trigger type (GnRH-agonist versus urinary-hCG), ovulation trigger to oocytes' denudation interval and ratio COC to follicle > 14 mm at ovulation trigger. In first retrievals with ≥ 5 COCs, the immaturity rate warning limit was 51%, occurring in 3.6% of initial retrievals, 3.8% of second retrievals, and 2.1% of third retrievals. In three consecutive retrievals, the conservative prevalence of patients exceeding this threshold once, twice, and three times was 4.4%, 0.3%, and 0.03%, respectively. Assuming all patients would have conducted three retrievals, these rates were estimated as 7.8%, 1.5%, and 0.3%. In the 667 patients who conducted three retrievals, observed rates were 7.6%, 0.9%, and 0.4%, confirming the reliability of the estimates.

conclusionsOvarian stimulation and laboratory factors impact oocyte maturation rate. An oocyte immaturity rate exceeding 51%, in patients retrieving ≥ 5 oocytes, may represent a strong inclusion criterion for future clinical studies on rescue-IVM.

Indexed as

In Vitro Oocyte Maturation TechniquesOocytesOvulation InductionAdultCumulus CellsFemaleFertilization in VitroHumansOocyte RetrievalPregnancyRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsImmature oocytesMaturation rateOvarian stimulationRescue IVMStandard operating procedures

Identifiers

PMID41239007
PMCPMC12831772

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LicenceCC BY
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.