ArticleDiscover oncology2025
Exploration of the roles of CAFs in melanoma based on single-cell transcriptomics and spatial transcriptomics.
Article in Discover oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Overcoming melanoma drug resistance: Mechanisms and clinical progress of oncolytic viruses combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors (Review).Oncology reports · 2026Review
- TMEM184A promotes progression and drug resistance in colorectal cancer: a bioinformatics and clinical study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Spatial compartmentalization of melanoma cell states reveals CAF-associated tumor cells with enhanced proliferative capacity.PloS one · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are increasingly recognized as critical contributors to the limited efficacy of immunotherapy, particularly through the establishment of immune-excluded tumor microenvironments. However, the functional heterogeneity and spatial ecological roles of CAFs in melanoma remain poorly characterized.
methodsWe integrated single-cell RNA sequencing, spatial transcriptomics, and bulk RNA-seq data to systematically dissect CAF molecular programs in melanoma using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Spatial distribution, CellChat, and ligand-receptor interaction analyses were applied to construct CAF-centered immune exclusion networks. A functional scoring model (riskScore) based on the CAF-M1 module was developed to evaluate clinical relevance.
resultsCAF was spatially co-localized with endothelial cells, and engaged in strong crosstalk with multiple immune cell types via pathways such as COLLAGEN-integrin and THBS1-CD47. The derived riskScore model demonstrated robust prognostic value across TCGA-SKCM cohort.
conclusionThrough spatial aggregation and multifaceted immune signaling, CAF constructs a multilayered immune-exclusion network in melanoma, linking stromal remodeling to immune evasion. These findings offer novel insights into CAF-driven immune resistance and may inform future stratified immunotherapeutic strategies.
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