Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41238958›Full record

SynthesisNature genetics2025

Genome-wide association study and polygenic risk prediction of hypothyroidism.

Søren A Rand, Gustav Ahlberg, Vinicius Tragante, Laia M Monfort, Chaoqun Zheng, Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen, Marianne C Klose, Maris Teder-Laving, Andres Metspalu, Henrik E Poulsen and 23 more

Abstract readMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Nature genetics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

33 authors.

Søren A RandDepartment of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. soeren.albertsen.rand.02@regionh.dk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1892-1911
Gustav AhlbergCardiac Functional Genomics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0066-2779
Vinicius TragantedeCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8223-8957
Laia M MonfortCardiac Functional Genomics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7170-481X
Chaoqun ZhengDepartment of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3248-8560
Ulla Feldt-RasmussenDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Marianne C KloseDepartment of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Maris Teder-LavingEstonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5872-1850
Andres MetspaluEstonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3718-796X
Henrik E PoulsenDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4242-9924
Christina EllervikDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3088-4375
Birte NygaardDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9540-4950
Christian ErikstrupDepartment of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6551-6647
Mie T BruunDepartment of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8819-5388
Bitten A JensenDepartment of Clinical Immunology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
Henrik UllumStatens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Søren BrunakNovo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
DBDS Genomic Consortium
Estonian Biobank Research Team
23andMe Research Team
Michael SchwinnDepartment of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6151-369X
Sisse R OstrowskiDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5288-3851
Ole B PedersenDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2312-5976
Erik SørensenDepartment of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5002-9077
Ingileif JonsdottirdeCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8339-150X
Daniel F GudbjartssondeCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5222-9857
Gudmar ThorleifssondeCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4623-9087
Hilma HolmdeCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9517-6636
Saedis SaevarsdottirdeCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9392-6184
Kari StefanssondeCODE genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.
Morten Salling OlesenCardiac Functional Genomics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9477-5322
Henning Bundgaard *Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0563-7049
Jonas Ghouse *Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. jonasghouse@clin.au.dk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9634-5964

Funding

Beckett-Fonden 23-2-10636Beckett-Fonden 23-2-11066Eesti Teadusagentuur (Estonian Research Council) PRG1911Eesti Teadusagentuur (Estonian Research Council) TK214Innovationsfonden (Innovation Fund Denmark) PM HeartNovo Nordisk Fonden (Novo Nordisk Foundation) NNF14CC0001Novo Nordisk Fonden (Novo Nordisk Foundation) NNF17OC0027594Novo Nordisk Fonden (Novo Nordisk Foundation) NNF17OC0031204
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We performed a genome-wide meta-analysis of hypothyroidism (113,393 cases and 1,065,268 controls), free thyroxine (191,449 individuals) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (482,873 individuals). We identified 350 loci associated with hypothyroidism, including 179 not previously reported, 29 of which were linked through thyroid-stimulating hormone. We found that many hypothyroidism risk loci regulate blood cell counts and the circulating inflammasome, and through multiple gene-mapping strategies, we prioritized 259 putative causal genes enriched in immune-related functions. We developed a polygenic risk score (PRS) based on more than 115,000 hypothyroidism cases to address diagnostic challenges in individuals with or at risk of thyroid hormone deficiency. We show that the highest predictive accuracy for hypothyroidism was achieved when combining the PRS with thyroid hormones and thyroid-peroxidase autoantibodies, and that the PRS was able to stratify risk of progression among individuals with subclinical hypothyroidism. These findings demonstrate the potential for a hypothyroidism PRS to support the prediction of disease progression and onset in thyroid hormone deficiency.

Indexed as

Genetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenome-Wide Association StudyHypothyroidismMultifactorial InheritanceCase-Control StudiesFemaleHumansMalePolymorphism, Single NucleotideRisk FactorsThyrotropinThyroxineThyrotropinThyroxine

Identifiers

PMID41238958
PMCPMC12695664

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.