ArticleScientific reports2025
Design and analysis of a secure image encryption algorithm using proposed non-linear RN chaotic system and ECC/HKDF key derivation with authentication support.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Novel PQC-Based Image Encryption Scheme Using Seismic Wave Permutation.Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Green synthesis and antifungal evaluation of Moringa oleifera-mediated iron oxide nanoparticles against Rhizopus stolonifer infecting Coleus scutellarioides.Folia microbiologica · 2026Article
- A 4D hyperchaotic image encryption scheme using Circular Radius-Angle Transformation and bit-level permutation.PloS one · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ensuring digital image security is critical in today's edge computing and networked communication environments. Chaotic systems offer powerful tools for lightweight, real-time encryption, but often suffer from limited chaotic ranges and weak key sensitivity. This paper introduces a robust nonlinear RN chaotic system, combining two chaotic maps to enhance unpredictability and expand the chaotic interval. A fast image encryption scheme is then developed by integrating this system with elliptic-curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH) key exchange, hierarchical key derivation (HKDF), and dynamic chaotic S-box generation. The scheme ensures plaintext-independent key generation, authentication via ECDSA, and integrity through HMAC-SHA256, thereby preventing man-in-the-middle attacks and key leakage. Using the same set of security keys, this algorithm can produce a completely different encrypted image each time it is applied to the same original image. The proposed technique consistently achieves near-ideal entropy levels (~ 7.999), high NPCR (> 99.61%), and UACI above 32%, image complexity (with a keyspace equal to 10
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.