Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41237595›Full record

SynthesisInternational dental journal2026

The Effect of Immediate Dentin Sealing on the Marginal Adaptation and Microleakage of Indirect Restorations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Mohammad Javad Moghaddas, Sara Majidinia, Arsalan Shahri, Zahra Shooshtari, Alireza Sarraf Shirazi, Alireza Borouziniat, Zahra Azizi

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in International dental journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Mohammad Javad MoghaddasDepartment of Operative Dentistry, Mashhad Dental School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Sara MajidiniaDepartment of Operative Dentistry, Mashhad Dental School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Arsalan ShahriDental Materials Research Center, Mashhad Dental School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Zahra ShooshtariDental Research Center, Mashhad Dental School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Electronic address: Zahrashooshtari97@gmail.com.
Alireza Sarraf ShiraziDepartment of Pediatric Dentistry, Mashhad Dental School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Alireza BorouziniatDepartment of Operative Dentistry, Mashhad Dental School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Zahra AziziDepartment of Operative Dentistry, Mashhad Dental School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Electronic address: baran9528@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

INTRODUCTION AND

aimsDespite the recognized benefits of immediate dentin sealing (IDS), its effectiveness in enhancing marginal integrity still remains uncertain. Optimal marginal adaptation and minimum microleakage are crucial factors for the long-term clinical success of an indirect restoration. This study aimed to review the literature and compare the efficacy of IDS and delayed dentin sealing (DDS) techniques in improving marginal adaptation and reducing microleakage of indirect restorations.

methodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted through databases such as MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, and SCOPUS using keywords relevant to the PICOS model. All relevant studies published from inception till February 2025, without any language restrictions, were retrieved. In vitro studies that compared the marginal adaptation and/or microleakage of indirect bonded restorations after IDS and DDS application were eligible for inclusion. After data extraction, risk of bias assessment using the QUIN tool was performed. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to compare the amount of dye penetration and marginal gap between the two techniques.

resultsA total of 580 articles were initially retrieved. After removing duplicate or irrelevant studies, 60 eligible studies were selected for full-text review, and finally, 11 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the present systematic review. All studies were categorized to have a moderate risk of bias. According to the meta-analysis, there was no statistically significant difference between the IDS and DDS protocols regarding marginal microleakage (standardized mean difference: 0.11 and P = .806) and marginal gap formation (standardized mean difference: 0.12, P = .627) of indirect restorations.

conclusionAccording to the current in vitro evidence, IDS did not significantly outperform DDS in reducing microleakage or improving marginal adaptation in indirect restorations. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Clinicians may use either IDS or DDS techniques without compromising marginal sealing. Selection should be based on other factors such as bond strength requirements and clinical expertise.

Indexed as

Dental BondingDental LeakageDental Marginal AdaptationDental Restoration, PermanentDentin-Bonding AgentsHumansDentin-Bonding AgentsDental marginal adaptationDentin bonding agentImmediate dentin sealingIndirect restorationMicroleakageResin coating

Identifiers

PMID41237595
PMCPMC12663014

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.