ArticleArthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)2026
Distinct Effects of Complement C4A and C4B Copy Numbers in Systemic Sclerosis Serological and Clinical Subtypes.
Article in Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Novel HLA class I and II insights into the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
25 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveComplement component 4 (C4), encoded by C4A and C4B within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on chromosome 6, regulates the immune response and clears immune complexes. The variable copy number (CN) of C4 genes and retroviral human endogenous retrovirus K (HERV-K) element influence its function. Given the relationship of C4 CN with systemic sclerosis (SSc) risk, we assessed associations with SSc clinical and serologic subtypes.
methodsWe compared imputed C4 CNs across SSc subgroups (4,049 anticentromere positive [ACA
resultsLower C4 CN and higher HERV-K CN were associated with increased risk in all SSc subgroups. ATA
conclusionThis study highlights distinct genetic contributions of C4A and C4B in SSc subtypes susceptibility. Our findings suggest that lower C4 CNs, particularly C4A, increase the risk of the severe dcSSc subtype, potentially through a mechanism involving immune complex clearance.
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