ArticleBJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology2026
Timing of Intrapartum Antibiotics at Caesarean Section and Risk of Asthma, Eczema and Allergic Rhinitis: Results From a Natural Experiment.
Article in BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo investigate whether the risk of asthma, eczema and allergic rhinitis at 5 years in children born by caesarean section (CS) differs by the timing of antibiotic administration to the mother (pre-incision vs. post-cord clamping).
designNatural experiment using birth cohort data.
settingUK single centre population-based birth cohort.
participants3013 liveborn children delivered by CS, from the Born in Bradford (BiB) cohort born 2007-2011 and BiB's Better Start (BiBBS) cohort born 2016-2019. Only the first-born of multiple births was included.
main outcome measuresRisk of asthma, atopic eczema and allergic rhinitis at age 5 years.
resultsAmong 3013 children, 579 (19.2%) were exposed to pre-incision antibiotics. At 5 years, 272 (9.0%) children had asthma, 672 (22.3%) had eczema and 180 (6.0%) had allergic rhinitis. There was no evidence of an increased risk of asthma (adjusted risk ratio [aRR] 1.01, 95% CI 0.56, 1.83; adjusted risk difference [aRD] 0.08 per 100, 95% CI -5.28, 5.44), eczema (aRR 0.96, 95% CI 0.68, 1.35; aRD -1.01 per 100, 95% CI -8.65, 6.63) or allergic rhinitis (aRR 1.16, 95% CI 0.59, 2.28; aRD 0.88 per 100, 95% CI -3.17, 4.92) at 5 years in children exposed to pre-incision antibiotics versus post-cord clamping.
conclusionsThis study found no evidence of an association between pre-incision antibiotics for CS and increased risk of asthma, eczema or allergic rhinitis by age 5. These findings contribute to the evidence base informing the optimum timing of maternal antibiotic prophylaxis for CS, balancing risks and benefits to the mother and her child.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.